Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
Funct Plant Biol. 2023 Nov;50(11):932-940. doi: 10.1071/FP23085.
Soil salinisation is one of the main abiotic stresses decreasing crop productivity. Here, we show that the plant treatment with iron oxide (Fe3 O4 ) nanoparticles (NPs) may be a promising solution for reducing the negative impact of soil salinity on plant performance. For this purpose, effects of the NPs on growth, photosynthesis, pro-/antioxidant, redox balance and the content of mineral elements in 19-day-old wheat (Triticum aestivum ) plants under soil salinity were studied. Seed treatment with NPs (200 and 500mg L-1 ) enhanced growth and photosynthetic rate in leaves. Moderate salinity stress (150mMNaCl) led to a decrease in plant biomass as well as the rate of photosynthesis and PSII activity; leaf photosynthetic characteristics were also suppressed by lower (75mMNaCl) salinity treatment. However, seed pre-treatment with the NPs partially eliminated the negative effect of the salt on growth, PSII activity and photosynthesis. Also, we observed a decrease in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and an increase in ascorbate and total peroxidase activity in the plant leaves upon combined treatment with NaCl and the NPs compared with treatment with NaCl alone. The combined treatment with the NPs and salinity also led to a noticeable increase in the content of Fe and Mn in the shoot. It was concluded that Fe3 O4 NPs can enhance plant growth by improving photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant balance and the availability of iron and manganese ions, under conditions of soil salinisation.
土壤盐渍化是降低作物生产力的主要非生物胁迫因素之一。在这里，我们表明，用氧化铁（Fe3 O4 ）纳米粒子（NPs）处理植物可能是减少土壤盐度对植物性能负面影响的一种有前途的解决方案。为此，研究了 NPs 对生长、光合作用、亲/抗氧化剂、氧化还原平衡以及 19 天大的小麦（Triticum aestivum ）植株在土壤盐度下矿质元素含量的影响。用 NPs（200 和 500mg L-1 ）处理种子可促进生长和叶片光合作用。适度盐胁迫（150mMNaCl）导致植物生物量以及光合作用和 PSII 活性下降；较低盐度处理（75mMNaCl）也抑制叶片光合作用特性。然而，用 NPs 预处理种子可部分消除盐对生长、PSII 活性和光合作用的负面影响。此外，与单独用 NaCl 处理相比，在 NaCl 和 NPs 联合处理下，我们观察到植物叶片中丙二醛（MDA）含量降低，抗坏血酸和总过氧化物酶活性增加。NPs 和盐度的联合处理还导致植物地上部分铁和锰含量明显增加。综上所述，在土壤盐渍化条件下，Fe3 O4 NPs 可以通过改善光合作用特性、抗氧化平衡以及铁和锰离子的可用性来促进植物生长。
