PIN 型生长素输出载体的底物识别和转运机制。
Substrate recognition and transport mechanism of the PIN-FORMED auxin exporters.
机构信息
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Plant Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
出版信息
Trends Biochem Sci. 2023 Nov;48(11):937-948. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2023.07.006. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
Auxins are pivotal plant hormones that regulate plant growth and transmembrane polar auxin transport (PAT) direct patterns of development. The PIN-FORMED (PIN) family of membrane transporters mediate auxin export from the plant cell and play crucial roles in PAT. Here we describe the recently solved structures of PIN transporters, PIN1, PIN3, and PIN8, and also their mechanisms of substrate recognition and transport of auxin. We compare structures of PINs in both inward- and outward-facing conformations, as well as PINs with different binding configurations for auxin. By this comparative analysis, a model emerges for an elevator transport mechanism. Central structural elements necessary for function are identified, and we show that these are shared with other distantly related protein families.
植物激素在调节植物生长和跨膜极性生长素运输（PAT）方面起着关键作用，生长素运输方向决定着发育模式。PIN 形成蛋白（PIN）家族的膜转运蛋白介导生长素从植物细胞输出，并在 PAT 中发挥关键作用。本文描述了最近解析的 PIN 转运蛋白 PIN1、PIN3 和 PIN8 的结构，以及它们识别底物和运输生长素的机制。我们比较了 PIN 在内向和外向构象以及与生长素具有不同结合构型的 PIN 的结构。通过这种比较分析，提出了一种电梯运输机制模型。确定了对功能至关重要的核心结构元素，并表明这些元素与其他远缘蛋白家族共享。
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