Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jul 27;11:1243560. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1243560. eCollection 2023.
Currently, only 1 in 4 children in the U.S. engage in the recommended amount of physical activity (PA) and disparities in PA participation increase as income inequities increase. Moreover, leading health organizations have identified rural health as a critical area of need for programming, research, and policy. Thus, there is a critical need for the development and testing of evidence-based PA interventions that have the potential to be scalable to improve health disparities in children from under-resourced rural backgrounds. As such, the present study utilizes human-centered design, a technique that puts community stakeholders at the center of the intervention development process, to increase our specific understanding about how the PA-based needs of children from rural communities manifest themselves in context, at the level of detail needed to make intervention design decisions. The present study connects the first two stages of the NIH Stage Model for Behavioral Intervention Development with a promising conceptual foundation and potentially sustainable college student mentor implementation strategy.
We will conduct a three-phase study utilizing human-centered community-based participatory research (CBPR) in three aims: (Aim 1) conduct a CBPR needs assessment with middle school students, parents, and teachers/administrators to identify perceptions, attributes, barriers, and facilitators of PA that are responsive to the community context and preferences; (Aim 2) co-design with children and adults to develop a prototype multi-level PA intervention protocol called Hoosier Sport; (Aim 3) assess Hoosier Sport's trial- and intervention-related feasibility indicators. The conceptual foundation of this study is built on three complementary theoretical elements: (1) Basic Psychological Needs mini-theory within Self-Determination Theory; (2) the Biopsychosocial Model; and (3) the multilevel Research Framework from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities.
Our CBPR protocol takes a human-centered approach to integrating the first two stages of the NIH Stage Model with a potentially sustainable college student mentor implementation strategy. This multidisciplinary approach can be used by researchers pursuing multilevel PA-based intervention development for children.
目前，美国只有四分之一的儿童进行了推荐量的身体活动（PA），而且随着收入不平等的加剧，参与 PA 的差距也在加大。此外，主要的健康组织已经确定农村健康是一个需要进行规划、研究和政策的关键领域。因此，迫切需要开发和测试基于证据的 PA 干预措施，这些措施有可能扩大规模，改善资源匮乏的农村背景儿童的健康差距。因此，本研究利用以人为中心的设计，这种技术将社区利益相关者置于干预措施开发过程的中心，以增加我们对农村社区儿童的 PA 需求如何在背景下表现出来的具体理解，达到做出干预设计决策所需的详细程度。本研究将 NIH 行为干预开发阶段模型的前两个阶段与一个有前途的概念基础和潜在可持续的大学生导师实施策略联系起来。
我们将进行一个三阶段的研究，利用以人为中心的社区参与式研究（CBPR）在三个目标中进行：（目标 1）对中学生、家长和教师/管理人员进行 CBPR 需求评估，以确定对社区背景和偏好有反应的 PA 感知、属性、障碍和促进因素；（目标 2）与儿童和成人共同设计一个名为 Hoosier Sport 的多层次 PA 干预方案原型；（目标 3）评估 Hoosier Sport 的试验和干预相关可行性指标。本研究的概念基础建立在三个互补的理论元素之上：（1）自我决定理论中的基本心理需求理论；（2）生物心理社会模型；（3）来自国家少数民族健康和健康差异研究所的多层次研究框架。
我们的 CBPR 方案采用以人为中心的方法将 NIH 阶段模型的前两个阶段与一个潜在可持续的大学生导师实施策略相结合。这种多学科方法可以被从事儿童多层次 PA 干预措施开发的研究人员所使用。
