Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 29;18(13):6946. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136946.
Access to opportunities for physical activity and sports, and therefore potential benefits of participation, are distributed inequitably. The aims of this study were to describe and compare youth experiences related to sport and physical activity by socioeconomic factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted of students in 5-12th grades in King County, Washington, USA. Students were asked about physical activity and sports experiences and about demographic factors including family affluence, which was categorized as low, medium, and high. Participants were 1038 youth (50% girls, 58% non-White, and 32% from homes where languages other than English are spoken). Children from low-affluence families reported fewer days/week of physical activity, fewer sports sampled, and lower rates of ever playing sports. Greater proportions of children from low-affluence families reported these barriers to sports: (1) don't want to get hurt, (2) don't feel welcome on teams, (3) too expensive, and (4) transportation. Middle school children from high-affluence families had three times higher odds of meeting physical activity recommendations, and high-affluence high schoolers had three times higher odds of ever participating in sports compared to peers from low-affluence families. Socioeconomic status was inversely associated with outcomes related to youth physical activity and sports participation. The disproportionately reported barriers to sports participation are modifiable, and cross-sector solutions can help promote play equity.
获得体育活动和运动的机会，以及因此参与运动的潜在好处，分配不均。本研究的目的是描述和比较社会经济因素与青年运动和体育活动相关的经验。在美国华盛顿州金县对 5-12 年级的学生进行了一项横断面调查。学生们被问到体育活动和运动经历，以及包括家庭富裕程度在内的人口统计学因素，家庭富裕程度分为低、中、高。参与者为 1038 名青少年（50%为女孩，58%为非白人，32%来自讲英语以外语言的家庭）。来自低富裕家庭的儿童报告每周体育活动天数较少，参与的运动项目较少，参与运动的比例较低。更多来自低收入家庭的孩子报告了运动的这些障碍：（1）不想受伤，（2）在团队中不受欢迎，（3）太贵，（4）交通不便。来自高富裕家庭的初中生有三倍的可能性达到体育活动推荐标准，而来自高富裕家庭的高中生有三倍的可能性比来自低收入家庭的同龄人更有可能参与运动。社会经济地位与与青年体育活动和运动参与相关的结果呈负相关。报告的运动参与障碍不成比例，跨部门解决方案可以帮助促进游戏公平。
