Clark Meghan R, Taylor Amy C
Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Semin Intervent Radiol. 2023 Aug 10;40(4):362-371. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1771041. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Pelvic venous disorder (PeVD) is a term that encompasses all the interrelated causes of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and perineal/lower extremity varicose veins of pelvic venous origin historically known as nutcracker syndrome, pelvic congestion syndrome, and May-Thurner syndrome, resulting in a more precise diagnosis that accounts for the underlying pathophysiology and anatomy. PeVD manifests as CPP with associated vulvar and lower-extremity varicosities, left flank pain and hematuria, and lower extremity pain and swelling secondary to obstruction or reflux in the left renal, ovarian, or iliac veins. This article will focus specifically on the most current nomenclature, evaluation, and management of CPP of venous origin.
盆腔静脉疾病（PeVD）是一个涵盖慢性盆腔疼痛（CPP）以及盆腔静脉起源的会阴/下肢静脉曲张所有相关病因的术语，这些病因在历史上被称为胡桃夹综合征、盆腔淤血综合征和梅-图二氏综合征，从而实现更精确的诊断，该诊断考虑到了潜在的病理生理学和解剖学因素。PeVD表现为CPP，并伴有外阴和下肢静脉曲张、左侧胁腹疼痛和血尿，以及因左肾静脉、卵巢静脉或髂静脉阻塞或反流继发的下肢疼痛和肿胀。本文将特别关注静脉起源的CPP的最新命名、评估和管理。
