Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX. United Kingdom.
Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Rake Lane, North Shields, Tyne and Wear NE29 8NH. United Kingdom.
Ghana Med J. 2022 Dec;56(4):311-321. doi: 10.4314/gmj.v56i4.10.
To identify the factors enabling and limiting family medicine (FM) programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
A narrative review was conducted by searching a variety of databases. Papers focusing on the training, deployment, or contribution to healthcare systems of doctors with postgraduate training in FM in SSA, published in peer-reviewed journals from 2015 onwards and in English language were included. Included papers underwent qualitative analysis.
Seventy-one papers were included in the review. 38% focussed on South Africa, while papers focussing on FM in a further 15 countries in SSA were identified. Key factors enabling FM programmes are support from key stakeholders, recognition of family practitioners (FP) as specialists, international collaboration, and dedicated FPs. Key factors limiting FM programmes are a lack of sufficient and well-trained faculty, inappropriate training settings, higher rates of trainee attrition, lack of FM in undergraduate curriculums, lack of career pathways, inappropriate deployment, and a lack of a critical mass.
Support from national stakeholders, the recognition of FPs as specialists, and sustainable international collaboration promote FM programmes. The absence of a defined role within the healthcare system, low numbers of FM faculty, a poor presence in undergraduate curriculum, high attrition rate of trainees and the lack of a critical mass limit FM programmes. The standardisation of the role of FM and the implementation of undergraduate and postgraduate FM programmes with national and international collaboration could enable FM to reach a critical mass and realise its full potential in strengthening primary healthcare in SSA.
None declared.
确定撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）家庭医学（FM）项目的有利因素和限制因素。
通过搜索各种数据库进行叙述性综述。纳入的文献为发表在同行评议期刊上的、以英语撰写的、聚焦于 SSA 地区接受过 FM 研究生培训的医生的培训、部署或对医疗系统贡献的文章，时间跨度为 2015 年及以后。纳入文献进行了定性分析。
共纳入 71 篇文献。38%的文献聚焦于南非，而在另外 15 个 SSA 国家中也有关于 FM 的文献。FM 项目的有利因素包括主要利益攸关方的支持、家庭医生（FP）作为专科医生的认可、国际合作和专门的 FP。FM 项目的限制因素包括缺乏足够且训练有素的师资、培训环境不当、较高的学员流失率、本科课程中缺乏 FM、缺乏职业发展途径、部署不当以及缺乏临界质量。
国家利益攸关方的支持、FP 作为专科医生的认可以及可持续的国际合作促进了 FM 项目。在医疗体系中缺乏明确的角色定位、FM 师资数量不足、本科课程中 FM 的存在感低、学员流失率高以及缺乏临界质量限制了 FM 项目。FM 角色的标准化以及在国家和国际合作框架下实施本科和研究生 FM 项目，可使 FM 达到临界质量，并充分发挥其在加强 SSA 初级卫生保健方面的潜力。
无。
