Sen Sabyasachi, Khosla Shikha, Awan Omar, Cohen Scott, Gollie Jared M
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jul 27;10:1197061. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1197061. eCollection 2023.
Long COVID is characterized by persistent symptoms beyond 3-months of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that last for at least 2 months and cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis. Autonomic, immunologic, endothelial, and hypercoagulation are implicated as possible mechanisms of long COVID symptoms. Despite recognition of the public health challenges posed by long COVID, the current understanding of the pathophysiological underpinnings is still evolving. In this narrative review, we explore the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on T cell activation such as autoimmune disorders and endothelial cell dysfunction involving vascular impairments within pulmonary and renal architecture. We have described how endothelial dysfunction and vascular abnormalities may underscore findings of exercise intolerance by way of impaired peripheral oxygen extraction in individuals with long COVID.
长期新冠的特征是在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染3个月后仍持续存在症状，这些症状持续至少2个月，且无法用其他诊断来解释。自主神经、免疫、内皮和高凝状态被认为是长期新冠症状的可能机制。尽管认识到长期新冠对公共卫生构成的挑战，但目前对其病理生理基础的理解仍在不断发展。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们探讨了SARS-CoV-2感染对T细胞激活的长期影响，如自身免疫性疾病和涉及肺和肾结构内血管损伤的内皮细胞功能障碍。我们描述了内皮功能障碍和血管异常如何通过长期新冠患者外周氧摄取受损导致运动不耐受的表现。
