Dinsa Hawinet Teso, Nurhusein Mebruk Mohammed
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology (AAiT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 29;9(8):e18785. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18785. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), as internationally recognized, is not straightforward. IWRM is tailored to bring about three outcomes: Economic efficiency, Social equity, and Environmental and Ecological sustainability. Thus, each country faces a unique challenge in implementing IWRM. Literature reports several stumbling blocks (SBs) that hinder IWRM implementation in Ethiopia. The SBs can be categorized as Water Resources: Availability, Development, Use, and Governance-Related SBs. The spatiotemporal impacts of stumbling blocks were evaluated based on the contribution of each SB to the three outcomes. Prioritizing SBs based on their spatiotemporal contribution to hindering IWRM implementation is essential for environmental and economic reasons to simultaneously solve all SBs. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was used to prioritize the SBs. The results indicate food insecurity in the water use category is the highest-ranked SB, whereas market inaccessibility is the least. Poverty and less attention to water infrastructure from water resources development are the second-ranked SBs to hinder IWRM implementation. This research has shown prioritization of SBs is possible using FAHP, and resolving these SBs in their stated priority will make IWRM implementation in the Ethiopian context much better. The research also shows IWRM implementation in Ethiopia requires careful consideration of the SBs, for which the FAHP approach is reliable.
国际公认的综合水资源管理（IWRM）的实施并非易事。IWRM旨在实现三个目标：经济效率、社会公平以及环境与生态可持续性。因此，每个国家在实施IWRM时都面临独特的挑战。文献报道了一些阻碍埃塞俄比亚实施IWRM的绊脚石（SBs）。这些SBs可分为水资源相关的：可用性、开发、利用以及治理相关的SBs。基于每个SB对三个目标的贡献评估了绊脚石的时空影响。出于环境和经济原因，为同时解决所有SBs，根据其对阻碍IWRM实施的时空贡献对SBs进行优先级排序至关重要。使用模糊层次分析法（FAHP）对SBs进行优先级排序。结果表明，用水类别中的粮食不安全是排名最高的SB，而市场难以进入是排名最低的。贫困以及水资源开发中对水利基础设施的关注不足是阻碍IWRM实施的第二大SBs。这项研究表明，使用FAHP对SBs进行优先级排序是可行的，按照其既定优先级解决这些SBs将使埃塞俄比亚背景下的IWRM实施情况大为改善。该研究还表明，埃塞俄比亚实施IWRM需要仔细考虑这些SBs，而FAHP方法在这方面是可靠的。
