Department of Geography, The University of Montana, Missoula, 59812, USA.
Environ Manage. 2010 Nov;46(5):671-84. doi: 10.1007/s00267-010-9552-9. Epub 2010 Sep 11.
This article examines what is generally considered to be an unattainable goal in the western United States: integrated water resources management (IWRM). Specifically, we examine an organization that is quite unique in the West, Montana's Clark Fork River Basin Task Force (Task Force), and we analyze its activities since its formation in 2001 to answer the question: are the activities and contributions of the Task Force working to promote a more strongly integrated approach to water resources management in Montana? After reviewing the concepts underlying IWRM, some of the issues that have been identified for achieving IWRM in the West, and the Montana system of water right allocation and issues it faces, we adapt Mitchell's IWRM framework and apply it to the analysis of the Task Force's activities in the context of IWRM. In evaluating the physical, interaction, and protocol/planning/policy components of IWRM, we find that the Task Force has been contributing to the evolution of Montana's water resources management towards this framework, though several factors will likely continue to prevent its complete realization. The Task Force has been successful in this regard because of its unique nature and charge, and because of the authority and power given it by successive Montana legislatures. Also critical to the success of the organization is its ability to help translate into policy the outcomes of legal and quasi-judicial decisions that have impacted the state's water resources management agency.
水资源综合管理（IWRM）。具体来说，我们研究了一个在西方颇具独特性的组织，即蒙大拿州克拉克福克河流域工作队（工作队），并分析了其自 2001 年成立以来的活动，以回答以下问题：工作队的活动和贡献是否有助于在蒙大拿州推动更加强有力的水资源综合管理方法？在回顾了 IWRM 的基本概念、在西方实现 IWRM 所确定的一些问题以及蒙大拿州的水资源权利分配制度及其面临的问题之后，我们采用了 Mitchell 的 IWRM 框架，并将其应用于分析工作队在 IWRM 背景下的活动。在评估 IWRM 的物理、相互作用和协议/规划/政策组成部分时，我们发现工作队一直在为蒙大拿州水资源管理向这一框架的演变做出贡献，尽管有几个因素可能会继续阻止其完全实现。工作队之所以能够在这方面取得成功，是因为其独特的性质和任务，以及历届蒙大拿州立法机构赋予它的权力和权威。此外，工作队能够将对该州水资源管理机构有影响的法律和准司法决定的结果转化为政策，这对组织的成功也至关重要。
