Shome Rajeswari, Natesan Krithiga, Kalleshamurthy Triveni, Yadav Chaitra, Sahay Swati, Skariah Somy, Mohandoss Nagalingam, Kumar Obli Rajendran Vinodh, Shome Bibek Ranjan, Rahman Habibur
ICAR-NIVEDI, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Vet World. 2023 May;16(5):1122-1130. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1122-1130. Epub 2023 May 30.
Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by species. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis seropositivity in organized dairy farms to control the disease in unvaccinated adult bovine herds in Karnataka, India.
In total, 3610 samples (3221 cattle and 389 buffaloes) were subjected to parallel testing using the Rose Bengal plate test and protein G-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, followed by analyses of animal- and farm-level epidemiological datasets to identify the risk factors.
The apparent brucellosis prevalence at the animal level was higher in buffaloes (8.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.9-11.4) than in cattle (6.1%, 95% CI = 5.3-7.0). In a multivariable logistic model, animals calved 3-5 times (odds ratio [OR] = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.50-3.1, reference [ref]: animals calved <2 times); animals with a history of abortion (OR = 54.73, 95% CI = 33.66-89.02), repeat breeding (OR = 19.46, 95% CI = 11.72-32.25), and placental retention (OR = 13.94, 95% CI = 4.92-39.42, ref: no clinical signs); and dogs on farms (OR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.48-4.40, ref: absence of dogs); disposal of aborted fetus in open fields (OR = 4.97, 95% CI = 1.93-12.84) and water bodies (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.50-3.1, ref: buried); purchase of animals from other farms (OR = 6.46, 95% CI = 1.01-41.67, ref: government farms); hand milking (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.02-10.0, ref: machine milking); and use of monthly veterinary services (OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.28-9.29, ref: weekly services) were considered significant risk factors for brucellosis in organized bovine herds (p < 0.01).
The study identified that the animals calved 3-5 times or with a history of abortion/repeat breeding/placental retention, and disposal of aborted fetus in open fields/water bodies as the potential risk factors for bovine brucellosis. These risk factors should be controlled through the implementation of best practices to reduce the brucellosis burden in bovine farms.
布鲁氏菌病是一种由布鲁氏菌属物种引起的传染病。本研究旨在确定印度卡纳塔克邦有组织的奶牛场中与牛布鲁氏菌病血清阳性相关的风险因素，以控制未接种疫苗的成年牛群中的该病。
总共3610份样本（3221头牛和389头水牛）使用玫瑰红平板试验和基于蛋白G的酶联免疫吸附试验进行平行检测，随后对动物和农场层面的流行病学数据集进行分析以确定风险因素。
水牛的动物层面布鲁氏菌病表观患病率（8.2%，95%置信区间[CI]=5.9-11.4）高于牛（6.1%，95%CI=5.3-7.0）。在多变量逻辑模型中，产犊3-5次的动物（比值比[OR]=2.22，95%CI=1.50-3.1，对照[ref]：产犊<2次的动物）；有流产史的动物（OR=54.73，95%CI=33.66-89.02）、屡配不孕（OR=19.46，95%CI=11.72-32.25）和胎盘滞留（OR=13.94，95%CI=4.92-39.42，对照：无临床症状）；农场中有狗（OR=2.55，95%CI=1.48-4.40，对照：无狗）；在露天场地（OR=4.97，95%CI=1.93-12.84）和水体中处理流产胎儿（OR=2.22，95%CI=1.50-3.1，对照：掩埋）；从其他农场购买动物（OR=6.46，95%CI=1.01-41.67，对照：政府农场）；手工挤奶（OR=1.98，95%CI=1.02-10.0，对照：机械挤奶）；以及每月使用兽医服务（OR=3.45，95%CI=1.28-9.29，对照：每周服务）被认为是有组织的牛群中布鲁氏菌病的显著风险因素（p<0.01）。
该研究确定产犊3-5次或有流产/屡配不孕/胎盘滞留史的动物，以及在露天场地/水体中处理流产胎儿是牛布鲁氏菌病的潜在风险因素。应通过实施最佳实践来控制这些风险因素，以减轻牛场的布鲁氏菌病负担。
