Degfe Atnafu, Tilahun Amsalu, Bekele Yadeta, Dume Bayu, Diriba Obsu Hirko
Department of Natural Resources Management, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box: 307, Ethiopia.
Department of Agroeconomics and Agribusiness, Jimma College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O.Box: 307, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 16;9(7):e18332. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18332. eCollection 2023 Jul.
In Ethiopia, national wide soil and water conservation (SWC) is going on since 2010/11in all agro-climatic zones and farming systems. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of soil bund on soil physico-chemical properties and factors determining farmers' decision on the adoption of SWC technologies in a watershed located in the sub-humid climate of southwest Ethiopia. Two sub-watersheds, namely Nada and Gulufa in the Gilgel Gibe I catchment, were selected for this study. Thirty-six soil samples were collected from non-conserved croplands and croplands conserved with soil bunds (older than 4 years) at three slope positions, namely lower (5-10%), middle (10-15%), and upper (>15%). Both composite and undisturbed top soil (0-30 cm) samples were collected and soil physicochemical properties were determined following standard laboratory procedures. The generated soil physicochemical data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the mean separation was carried out by the Tukey test using R-version 3.5.2. To generate survey data, 267 households were randomly selected from the two sub-watersheds and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The collected survey data was analyzed using a binary logit model using STATA software version 13. The result showed that the implemented soil bund significantly (p < 0.05) improved soil BD, SMC, pH, SOC, TN and CEC at the three slope positions for both the Nada and Gulufa sub-watersheds. The binary logit model showed that personal, socio-economic, institutional, and physical factors influencing the decision of a farmer's adoption. This revealed the need to consider personal, socio-economic, institutional, and physical factors to enhance the willingness probability of adoption. Besides, the improvements in soil properties as a result of conservation practices can help to create awareness.
在埃塞俄比亚，自2010/11年度起，全国范围内的土壤和水资源保护（SWC）工作在所有农业气候区和耕作系统中开展。因此，本研究评估了土壤埂对土壤理化性质的影响，以及决定埃塞俄比亚西南部半湿润气候区一个流域农民采用水土保持技术决策的因素。本研究选取了吉尔吉尔吉贝一号集水区的两个子流域，即纳达和古卢法。从三个坡度位置（即下部（5 - 10%）、中部（10 - 15%）和上部（>15%））的未进行水土保持的农田和采用土壤埂进行水土保持的农田（超过4年）中采集了36个土壤样本。采集了混合和原状表层土壤（0 - 30厘米）样本，并按照标准实验室程序测定土壤理化性质。使用单因素方差分析对生成的土壤理化数据进行分析，并使用R版本3.5.2通过Tukey检验进行均值分离。为了获取调查数据，从这两个子流域中随机选取了267户家庭，并使用结构化问卷进行访谈。使用STATA软件版本13通过二元logit模型对收集到的调查数据进行分析。结果表明，在纳达和古卢法子流域的三个坡度位置，实施的土壤埂显著（p < 0.05）改善了土壤容重、土壤水分含量、pH值、土壤有机碳、全氮和阳离子交换量。二元logit模型表明，个人、社会经济、制度和自然因素影响农民的采用决策。这表明需要考虑个人、社会经济、制度和自然因素，以提高采用意愿概率。此外，水土保持措施带来的土壤性质改善有助于提高认识。
