Chemes H
Endocrinology. 1986 Oct;119(4):1673-81. doi: 10.1210/endo-119-4-1673.
The lysosomal population of the seminiferous tubules of the rat was studied by conventional electron microscopy and electron microscopic histochemistry. Biochemical determinations of acid phosphatase were carried out in whole cell suspensions of seminiferous tubular cells or in different cell populations purified by sedimentation in albumin gradients. Lysosomes were rarely found in spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes. Young spermatids showed up to six lysosomes per section, and this number increased as spermatid maturation proceeded. Residual bodies had a very heterogeneous lysosomal content. Sertoli cells showed cyclical variations in their lysosomes. These were present in small numbers from stages I-IV of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium and progressively increased to be numerous in Sertoli cells at stages VI-VIII. After spermiation, their rapidly decreased. Acid phosphatase contents were (nanomoles of nitrophenol formed per mg protein/min): whole cell suspension, 67.5 +/- 7.8; pachytene spermatocytes (72% purity), 76.5 +/- 10.6; round spermatids (73% purity), 95.0 +/- 2.8; residual bodies (88% purity), 96.0 +/- 14.2; and Sertoli cell-enriched fraction, 278.5 +/- 75.7. In a group of rats, endogenous LH and testosterone were lowered by administration of anti-LH antibodies. There was an intense degeneration of meiotic spermatocytes, which were phagocytized and digested by these immature testosterone-depleted Sertoli cells. It is concluded that lysosomes of the seminiferous epithelium show cyclical variations, with an increase toward the time of spermiation and a decrease after the residual bodies have been digested; the acid phosphatase and lysosomal contents of Sertoli cells are higher than those of germ cells, residual body disposal is probably initiated by autophagy and completed by Sertoli cell phagocytosis; and the phagocytic function of Sertoli cells is not hormone (testosterone) dependent.
采用传统电子显微镜和电子显微镜组织化学方法，对大鼠生精小管中的溶酶体群体进行了研究。在生精小管细胞的全细胞悬液中，或在通过白蛋白梯度沉降纯化的不同细胞群体中，进行了酸性磷酸酶的生化测定。精原细胞和初级精母细胞中很少发现溶酶体。年轻的精子细胞每切片显示多达6个溶酶体，并且随着精子细胞成熟，这个数量会增加。残余小体的溶酶体内容物非常不均一。支持细胞的溶酶体呈现周期性变化。在生精上皮周期的I-IV期，溶酶体数量较少，在VI-VIII期的支持细胞中逐渐增多。精子排出后，其数量迅速减少。酸性磷酸酶含量为（每毫克蛋白质每分钟形成的硝基苯酚纳摩尔数）：全细胞悬液，67.5±7.8；粗线期精母细胞（纯度72%），76.5±10.6；圆形精子细胞（纯度73%），95.0±2.8；残余小体（纯度88%），96.0±14.2；以及富含支持细胞的组分，278.5±75.7。在一组大鼠中，通过给予抗促黄体生成素（LH）抗体降低内源性LH和睾酮水平。减数分裂的精母细胞发生严重退化，被这些未成熟的、睾酮缺乏的支持细胞吞噬和消化。得出的结论是，生精上皮的溶酶体呈现周期性变化，在精子形成时增加，在残余小体被消化后减少；支持细胞的酸性磷酸酶和溶酶体含量高于生殖细胞，残余小体的处理可能由自噬启动，并由支持细胞吞噬完成；支持细胞的吞噬功能不依赖激素（睾酮）。
