Laboratório HERCULES, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva, University of Évora, 7000-809 Évora, Portugal.
Department of Biology, Pólo da Mitra, University of Évora, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
Anthropol Anz. 2024 Mar 21;81(2):139-151. doi: 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1730.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the internal consistency of sex estimation using metric (long bone length) and morphological () methodologies from different bones and across different archaeological populations from different regions. Sex was estimated using characteristics of the pelvis and compared with sex estimations using long bone length. Portuguese (659 females; 906 males) and English (141 females; 277 males) archaeological collections were analysed in this study. A set of long bone length functions were developed using one of the archaeological collections (531 females; 600 males) and its coincidence with sex estimated from the pelvis was compared to the coincidence between the pelvis and long bone length sex estimations using functions developed from contemporary collections. Intra- and inter-observer errors were calculated, as well as the sexual dimorphism index for each bone and osteological collection. The accuracy of the developed functions and the other methods tested is highly variable, ranging between 25 and 100%. The accuracy of the standard forensic methods varied between collections and analysed bones. This study reinforces that long bone length is highly population-specific, even between samples of close chronology and geography. Metric methods are good options to strengthen the sex estimations, but they need to be carefully chosen and always report the estimated probability of being male or female in either forensic or archaeological analysis.
本研究旨在评估使用来自不同地区不同考古人群的不同骨骼的形态学（骨骼形态）和度量（长骨长度）方法进行性别估计的内部一致性。使用骨盆特征进行性别估计，并与长骨长度进行的性别估计进行比较。本研究分析了葡萄牙（659 名女性；906 名男性）和英国（141 名女性；277 名男性）考古收藏。使用其中一个考古收藏（531 名女性；600 名男性）开发了一组长骨长度函数，并将其与从骨盆估计的性别进行比较，以比较使用来自当代收藏的函数进行骨盆和长骨长度性别估计之间的一致性。计算了内部和观察者之间的误差，以及每个骨骼和骨骼收藏的性别二态性指数。所开发函数和其他测试方法的准确性高度可变，范围在 25%到 100%之间。标准法医方法的准确性因收藏和分析的骨骼而异。本研究证实，即使在接近的年代和地理样本之间，长骨长度也具有高度的种群特异性。度量方法是增强性别估计的好选择，但需要仔细选择，并始终在法医或考古分析中报告估计的男性或女性的概率。
