自我控制修复的定量特征：成功戒毒治疗的速率依赖性效应
A QUANTITATIVE SIGNATURE OF SELF-CONTROL REPAIR: RATE-DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF SUCCESSFUL ADDICTION TREATMENT.
作者信息
Bickel Warren K, Landes Reid D, Kurth-Nelson Zeb, Redish A David
机构信息
Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute - Roanoke, VA.
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences - Little Rock, AR.
出版信息
Clin Psychol Sci. 2014 Nov;2(6):685-695. doi: 10.1177/2167702614528162. Epub 2014 Mar 27.
Abstract
Excessive temporal discounting undergirds addiction, and the quantitative relationships of changes in discounting have yet to be investigated. The quantitative relationship between pre- and post-treatment discount rates was examined using data from 5 of our studies with diverse interventions across different groups of substance users. Discounting and treatment outcome drug use data from 222 drug-dependent individuals were analyzed. The primary measures are discounting of delayed reinforcers and objective measures of drug use. Results revealed that change in discounting was inversely related to baseline rates of discounting, such that participants with low discount rates showed little change in discounting with treatment, while those participants with high discount rates showed large reductions in discounting. Finally, those treatments that produced the largest gains in drug abstinence had the largest effects on discount rates. Temporal discounting changes with the specific quantitative signature of rate dependence and more efficacious treatments remediate high discounting rates.
摘要
过度的时间折扣是成瘾的基础，而折扣变化的定量关系尚未得到研究。我们使用来自5项研究的数据，对不同物质使用群体的不同干预措施进行了治疗前后折扣率之间定量关系的检验。对222名药物依赖个体的折扣和治疗结果药物使用数据进行了分析。主要测量指标是对延迟强化物的折扣和药物使用的客观测量。结果显示，折扣变化与基线折扣率呈负相关，即折扣率低的参与者在治疗中折扣变化很小，而折扣率高的参与者折扣大幅降低。最后，那些在药物戒断方面取得最大进展的治疗对折扣率的影响最大。时间折扣随速率依赖性的特定定量特征而变化，更有效的治疗可纠正高折扣率。
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