Buterbaugh G G, Michelson H B, Keyser D O
Exp Neurol. 1986 Oct;94(1):91-102. doi: 10.1016/0014-4886(86)90274-8.
A novel model of status epilepticus based on the kindling model of epilepsy is described. The model involves the administration of a small dose of pilocarpine (20 mg/kg) to rats that have been previously kindled. Stimulation of these pretreated rats produces seizures which continue uninterrupted for approximately 4 h before spontaneous termination. The electroencephalographic discharge pattern showed characteristic changes in polarity and amplitude throughout the duration of status epilepticus. Behaviorally, the animals showed motor seizures which varied between stages I through IV, with evidence of extensive bilateral hemispheric involvement through much of the seizure episode. Animals that had been partially kindled to stage II seizures did not develop status epilepticus after stimulation when pretreated with pilocarpine, indicating that prior kindling is integral to the development of status epilepticus in this model. Administration of scopolamine was ineffective in terminating the condition when it had begun, suggesting that cholinergic stimulation is necessary for the initiation, but not the maintenance, of status epilepticus. This model holds promise for the study of status epilepticus because the condition develops in a seizure-prone (kindled) rat, and the seizures are self-sustaining, without the presence of exogenous chemicals or neurotoxins.
描述了一种基于癫痫点燃模型的新型癫痫持续状态模型。该模型涉及给先前已被点燃的大鼠注射小剂量毛果芸香碱（20毫克/千克）。对这些预处理过的大鼠进行刺激会引发癫痫发作，发作会持续不间断约4小时，然后自行终止。在癫痫持续状态期间，脑电图放电模式在极性和幅度上显示出特征性变化。在行为上，动物表现出运动性癫痫发作，发作阶段在I至IV期之间变化，在大部分发作过程中有广泛双侧半球受累的迹象。当用毛果芸香碱预处理时，已部分点燃至II期癫痫发作的动物在刺激后未发展为癫痫持续状态，这表明先前的点燃对于该模型中癫痫持续状态的发展是不可或缺的。当癫痫持续状态开始后，给予东莨菪碱终止该状态无效，这表明胆碱能刺激对于癫痫持续状态的起始是必要的，但对于其维持并非必要。该模型对于癫痫持续状态的研究具有前景，因为该状态在易癫痫发作（已点燃）的大鼠中发展，并且癫痫发作是自我维持的，无需外源性化学物质或神经毒素的存在。
