Jope R S, Morrisett R A, Snead O C
Exp Neurol. 1986 Mar;91(3):471-80. doi: 10.1016/0014-4886(86)90045-2.
Subcutaneous administration of pilocarpine to rats that were pretreated with a small dose of lithium chloride results in the evolution of generalized convulsive status epilepticus. The production of status epilepticus is absolutely reproducible, has a very consistent time to onset (22 min), has a duration of several hours, and is extremely severe with a high mortality rate. Experimental results show that this animal model of status epilepticus: (i) requires activation of muscarinic receptors because the initiation of seizures is blocked by atropine; (ii) requires presynaptic cholinergic activity because it is attenuated by hemicholinium-3; (iii) recruits noncholinergic cells because when status epilepticus is established it is not altered by atropine administration; and (iv) is blocked by pretreatment with diazepam and ongoing seizures are terminated by administration of diazepam, similar to certain forms of status epilepticus in humans. The reproducibility, prolonged nature, and involvement of a clearly defined neurochemical system as the triggering mechanism, i.e., cholinergic activation, makes this a potentially valuable animal model of generalized convulsive status epilepticus.
对预先用小剂量氯化锂处理的大鼠进行毛果芸香碱皮下给药，会引发全身性惊厥性癫痫持续状态。癫痫持续状态的产生具有绝对的可重复性，发作起始时间非常一致（22分钟），持续数小时，且极为严重，死亡率很高。实验结果表明，这种癫痫持续状态的动物模型：（i）需要毒蕈碱受体激活，因为癫痫发作的起始被阿托品阻断；（ii）需要突触前胆碱能活性，因为它被半胱氨酸-3减弱；（iii）会募集非胆碱能细胞，因为癫痫持续状态建立后，阿托品给药对其无影响；（iv）地西泮预处理可阻断该模型，且持续发作可通过地西泮给药终止，这与人类某些形式的癫痫持续状态相似。这种模型的可重复性、持续时间长以及明确界定的神经化学系统作为触发机制（即胆碱能激活）的参与，使其成为全身性惊厥性癫痫持续状态潜在有价值的动物模型。
