Sheikhi Susan, Heidari Aliehsan, Mohebali Mehdi, Keshavarz Hossein, Heidari Amir, Sezavar Monireh, Akhoundi Behnaz, Bairami Amir
Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Parasitol. 2023 Apr-Jun;18(2):244-250. doi: 10.18502/ijpa.v18i2.13191.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic infection in the Middle East, including Iran that is also spreading to new foci. We aimed to determine the leishmaniasis species causing CL in Alborz province.
Overall, out of 55-suspected CL patients referred to health centers in Alborz Province, north central Iran in 2019, 40 patients had positive smear for CL based on optical microscopy. The internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was amplified by PCR. species were identified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using BshF I (Hae III) enzyme.
Out of the 40 positive patients with CL, 34 cases (85%) had been caused by () and six (15%) by . Fifteen patients had no history of traveling to the disease endemic areas, of which nine were Iranians. Skin lesions and scars caused by CL were mostly observed on the hands and face. Moreover, more than two skin lesions were observed in 22 cases (55%), all of which were infected with . A single skin ulcer was seen in 18 (45%) of the CL patients.
Climate change, reduced rainfall, and demographic changes such as migration into Alborz Province and the increasing marginalization of the population and their entry to settle in new areas might have caused natural transmission of both and in this province.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）是中东地区的一种地方性感染疾病，包括伊朗，且该病也正在蔓延至新的疫源地。我们旨在确定阿尔伯兹省引起CL的利什曼病种类。
总体而言，2019年转诊至伊朗中北部阿尔伯兹省各健康中心的55例疑似CL患者中，40例患者经光学显微镜检查CL涂片呈阳性。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增核糖体DNA（rDNA）的内部转录间隔区1（ITS1）。使用BshF I（Hae III）酶通过PCR-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）鉴定种类。
在40例CL阳性患者中，34例（85%）由（某种利什曼原虫）引起，6例（15%）由（另一种利什曼原虫）引起。15例患者无前往疾病流行地区的病史，其中9例为伊朗人。CL引起的皮肤病变和疤痕大多出现在手部和面部。此外，22例（55%）患者观察到两个以上的皮肤病变，所有这些患者均感染了（某种利什曼原虫）。18例（45%）CL患者出现单个皮肤溃疡。
气候变化、降雨减少以及人口结构变化，如迁入阿尔伯兹省、人口日益边缘化以及他们进入新地区定居等，可能导致了该省（两种利什曼原虫）的自然传播
