Research Institute of Management Science, Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
Center for Integrative Conservation & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Sep;30(43):96891-96905. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-29172-7. Epub 2023 Aug 16.
Biodiversity and ecosystem services (ESs) are closely linked. Human activities have caused critical damage to the habitat and ecosystem function of organisms, leading to decline in global biodiversity and ecosystem services. To ensure sustainable development of local ecological environments, it is critical to analyze the spatial matching degree of biodiversity and ESs and identify ecologically vulnerable areas. Taking Xishuangbanna, southern China, as an example, we constructed a pixel-scale matching degree index to analyze the spatial matching degree of endangered plant diversity (EPD) and four ESs and classified the matching degree into low-low, low-high, high-low, and high-high four types. The results revealed a mismatch relationship of EPD and ESs in more than 70% of areas. Under the influence of altitude and land use/land cover (LULC) type, the matching degree of EPD and ESs showed obvious spatial heterogeneity. In low-altitude areas in the south of Xishuangbanna, EPD and ESs mainly showed mismatch, while high-altitude areas in the west had a better match. Natural forest was the main land cover in which EPD and ESs showed high-high match and its areal proportion was much larger than that of rubber plantation, tea plantation, and cropland. Our findings also stress the need to concentrate conservation efforts on areas exhibiting a low-low match relationship, indicative of potential ecological vulnerability. The pixel-scale spatial matching degree analysis framework developed in this study for EPD and ESs provides high-resolution maps with 30 m × 30 m pixel size, which can support the implementation of ecological protection measures and policy formulation, and has a wide range of applicability. This study provides valuable insights for the sustainable management of biodiversity and ESs, contributing to the strengthening of local ecological environment protection.
生物多样性和生态系统服务（ESs）密切相关。人类活动对生物的栖息地和生态系统功能造成了严重破坏，导致全球生物多样性和生态系统服务下降。为了确保当地生态环境的可持续发展，分析生物多样性和 ESs 的空间匹配程度并识别生态脆弱区至关重要。以中国南部的西双版纳为例，我们构建了像素级匹配度指数，以分析濒危植物多样性（EPD）和四种 ESs 的空间匹配程度，并将匹配度分为低-低、低-高、高-低和高-高四种类型。结果表明，超过 70%的地区存在 EPD 和 ESs 的不匹配关系。在海拔和土地利用/土地覆盖（LULC）类型的影响下，EPD 和 ESs 的匹配度表现出明显的空间异质性。在西双版纳南部的低海拔地区，EPD 和 ESs 主要表现出不匹配，而西部的高海拔地区则具有更好的匹配度。自然林是 EPD 和 ESs 表现出高-高匹配的主要土地覆盖类型，其面积比例远大于橡胶园、茶园和耕地。我们的研究结果还强调需要集中保护努力于表现出低-低匹配关系的地区，这表明存在潜在的生态脆弱性。本研究为 EPD 和 ESs 开发的像素级空间匹配度分析框架提供了具有 30 m×30 m 像素大小的高分辨率地图，这有助于实施生态保护措施和政策制定，并具有广泛的适用性。本研究为生物多样性和 ESs 的可持续管理提供了有价值的见解，有助于加强当地生态环境的保护。
