Fan Feifei, Xiao Chiwei, Feng Zhiming, Chen Ying
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Carrying Capacity Assessment for Resource and Environment, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing, 101149, China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Dec 1;323:116216. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116216. Epub 2022 Sep 19.
Forest losses can lead to severe damage to ecosystem services (ESs), especially in the tropics. Tropical forests are widespread in southwestern China, and they experience continual effects of human activities (e.g., rubber boom). However, forest simulations of land planning have not yet been systematically conducted. Based on a future land-use simulation model, here, the spatio-temporal characteristics of four ES (i.e., soil retention, water yield, carbon fixation, and habitat quality) were examined, and three scenarios (i.e., natural development, rubber development, and ecological protection) were designed and evaluated during 2000 for Xishuangbanna (XSBN), southwestern China. The results showed that: (1) from 2000 to 2020, the average values of the ESs declined by 449.1 t for soil retention, 13.4 mm for water yield, 0.1 for habitat quality, and 0.1 kg C/m for carbon fixation; (2) the four ESs, with the exception of water yield, had synergistic relationships, and trade-off appeared on the margins of these synergistic relationships; (3) compared with the scenarios of natural development and rubber development, the environmental protection scenario was found to have high efficiency for protecting nature reserves and reducing fragmentation; and (4) the intensity of land-use change will accelerate the decrease of ESs, and it is essential for nature reserves and areas of northern XSBN to improve their level of environmental protection. This work not only further enriches the ES research from the ecological environment and land-planning points of view, but it also provides different planning perspectives for ES and forest scenarios. This is useful in methodical approaches to forest sustainability.
森林损失会导致生态系统服务（ESs）受到严重破坏，尤其是在热带地区。中国西南部热带森林分布广泛，且持续受到人类活动的影响（例如橡胶热潮）。然而，尚未系统地开展土地规划的森林模拟研究。在此，基于未来土地利用模拟模型，研究了中国西南部西双版纳（XSBN）2000年至2020年期间四种生态系统服务（即土壤保持、产水量、碳固定和栖息地质量）的时空特征，并设计和评估了三种情景（即自然发展、橡胶发展和生态保护）。结果表明：（1）2000年至2020年期间，土壤保持生态系统服务平均价值下降449.1吨，产水量下降13.4毫米，栖息地质量下降0.1，碳固定下降0.1千克碳/平方米；（2）除产水量外，四种生态系统服务之间存在协同关系，且在这些协同关系的边缘出现了权衡；（3）与自然发展和橡胶发展情景相比，环境保护情景在保护自然保护区和减少破碎化方面具有较高效率；（4）土地利用变化强度将加速生态系统服务的下降，提高西双版纳北部自然保护区和地区的环境保护水平至关重要。这项工作不仅从生态环境和土地规划角度进一步丰富了生态系统服务研究，还为生态系统服务和森林情景提供了不同的规划视角。这对森林可持续性的方法性途径很有用。
