School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Aug 1;6(8):e2329159. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.29159.
Existing epidemiological evidence is equivocal as to whether paternal depression poses a consequent risk of depression in offspring; meta-analysis of findings can help inform preventative intervention efforts.
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the association between paternal and offspring depression.
Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched between inception and December 2022.
The review included all observational studies that investigated the association between paternal and offspring depression and 10 606 studies were initially identified.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines. The review protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were pooled using inverse variance weighted random effect meta-analysis. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.
The main outcome of interest was offspring depression measured using recognized depression assessment tools.
Sixteen observational studies published between 2002 and 2021 were included, with a combined sample of 7 153 723 father-child dyads. A meta-analysis of these studies showed that paternal depression was associated with an increased risk of depression in offspring (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.17-1.71). The risk was higher among offspring exposed to paternal depressive disorders (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.28-2.12) than those exposed to depression as defined by a nonclinical symptom scale (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06-1.19). Sensitivity analysis revealed consistent pooled estimates ranging from 1.35 (95% CI, 1.12-1.62) to 1.45 (95% CI, 1.18-1.78).
Paternal depression was associated with subsequent offspring depression. This finding shows the intergenerational transmission of mental health problems and suggests that mental health interventions benefit not only the patient but also the family as a whole, including both parents.
现有流行病学证据对于父亲的抑郁是否会给后代带来抑郁的后续风险尚无定论；对研究结果进行荟萃分析有助于为预防干预措施提供信息。
对观察性研究进行系统回顾和荟萃分析，以考察父亲和子女抑郁之间的关联。
从创建到 2022 年 12 月，在 Embase、PubMed、PsycINFO、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了检索。
该综述包括所有调查父亲和子女抑郁之间关联的观察性研究，最初确定了 10606 项研究。
本系统评价和荟萃分析遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南进行。该综述方案已在 PROSPERO 中预先注册。使用逆方差加权随机效应荟萃分析汇总汇总优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间。进行了亚组和敏感性分析。
主要关注的结果是使用公认的抑郁评估工具测量的子女抑郁。
纳入了 2002 年至 2021 年期间发表的 16 项观察性研究，共有 7153723 对父亲-子女对子。对这些研究的荟萃分析表明，父亲的抑郁与子女抑郁的风险增加有关（OR，1.42；95%CI，1.17-1.71）。与暴露于非临床症状量表定义的抑郁相比，暴露于父亲抑郁障碍的子女风险更高（OR，1.65；95%CI，1.28-2.12）（OR，1.12；95%CI，1.06-1.19）。敏感性分析显示，汇总估计值从 1.35（95%CI，1.12-1.62）到 1.45（95%CI，1.18-1.78）一致。
父亲的抑郁与随后的子女抑郁有关。这一发现表明精神健康问题存在代际传递，并表明心理健康干预不仅有益于患者，而且有益于整个家庭，包括父母双方。
