IBIGEO (Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Cátedra de Sistemática Filogenética, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
J Morphol. 2023 Sep;284(9):e21629. doi: 10.1002/jmor.21629.
Few studies considered the anatomy of the nerve plexuses and musculature associated with them in ectothermic sauropsids. Based on differentiated Sudan Black B staining and conventional dissections, we describe the neuroanatomy of the brachial plexus, its main associated nerves, and muscles. For that, representatives of the genera Diplolaemus, Liolaemus, Phymaturus, and Tropidurus were selected. Based on this, potentially useful characters for phylogenetic analysis were described. Our results show that the brachial plexus can be formed by four, five, or six nerve branches. The brachial flexor trunk, circumflex, interosseous, median, radial, subscapulocoracoid, supracoracoid, and ulnar nerves were identified. Regarding the muscles innervated by the main nerves, the following muscles were identified: biceps brachii, deltoideus scapularis, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, pectoralis, serratus thoracis, trapezius, triceps longus caudalis, and triceps longus lateralis. Phylogenetic analyzes revealed 31 potential synapomorphies. There exists evidence that neuroanatomy studies in a phylogenetic context could provide useful information helping to elucidate the relationships between taxonomic groups.
很少有研究考虑过变温爬行类动物与神经丛和相关肌肉有关的解剖结构。基于苏丹黑 B 染色和常规解剖的差异，我们描述了臂丛及其主要相关神经和肌肉的神经解剖结构。为此，选择了 Diplolaemus、Liolaemus、Phymaturus 和 Tropidurus 属的代表种。在此基础上，描述了可能对系统发育分析有用的特征。我们的结果表明，臂丛可由四个、五个或六个神经分支组成。识别出臂丛屈肌干、旋绕神经、骨间神经、正中神经、桡神经、肩胛下神经、喙锁上神经和尺神经。关于主要神经支配的肌肉，鉴定出以下肌肉：肱二头肌、肩胛带三角肌、背阔肌、斜方肌、胸大肌、胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌、三头肌长尾、三头肌外侧。系统发育分析显示出 31 个潜在的共衍征。有证据表明，在系统发育背景下进行神经解剖学研究可以提供有用的信息，有助于阐明分类群之间的关系。
