Beyene Addisu S, Chojenta Catherine L, Loxton Deborah J
Centre for Women's Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Afr J Reprod Health. 2021 Aug;25(4):22-33. doi: 10.29063/ajrh2021/v25i4.3.
Gender-based violence (GBV) is a significant global public health problem and adversely impacts the physical and mental health of women. This study aimed to determine the consequences of GBV (including sexual, physical, emotional, and overall GBV) on female high school students in eastern Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,199 female high school students in eastern Ethiopia using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests were used to analyse the data. This study revealed that more than half (55%) of the study participants had experienced any type of GBV during their lifetime. There were statistically significant differences between the educational status and childhood residence of participants who experienced and participants who did not experience sexual violence, physical violence, emotional violence, and any type of GBV in their lifetime (p<0.001). Students who had experienced sexual violence during their lifetime reported consequences of physical health, including swelling around genitalia (33.7%), unusual vaginal discharge (30.7%), and injury around the genitalia (23.9%). Mental health consequences included self-blame (35.7%), and anxiety (23.3%). Educational consequences included poor school performance (36.1%), absenteeism (34.6%), and dropout (28.9%). Students who had experienced any type of GBV during their lifetime reported consequences of physical violence, including poor school performance (18.7%), and withdrawal from school (9.0%). The main perpetrators of any type of GBV were reported to be family members, students, or boyfriends/husbands. GBV is a severe public health problem among female high school students. Primary and secondary prevention is vital to curb the consequences of GBV.
基于性别的暴力（GBV）是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题，对女性的身心健康产生不利影响。本研究旨在确定GBV（包括性暴力、身体暴力、情感暴力和总体GBV）对埃塞俄比亚东部女高中生的影响。在埃塞俄比亚东部的1199名女高中生中进行了一项基于机构的横断面调查，使用自填式问卷。计算了描述性统计数据。使用卡方检验分析数据。本研究表明，超过一半（55%）的研究参与者在其一生中经历过任何类型的GBV。在一生中经历过和未经历过性暴力、身体暴力、情感暴力及任何类型GBV的参与者的教育状况和童年居住地之间存在统计学上的显著差异（p<0.001）。一生中经历过性暴力的学生报告了身体健康方面的后果，包括生殖器周围肿胀（33.7%）、异常阴道分泌物（30.7%）和生殖器周围受伤（23.9%）。心理健康方面的后果包括自责（35.7%）和焦虑（23.3%）。教育方面的后果包括学习成绩差（36.1%）、旷课（34.6%）和辍学（28.9%）。一生中经历过任何类型GBV的学生报告了身体暴力的后果，包括学习成绩差（18.7%）和退学（9.0%）。据报告，任何类型GBV的主要肇事者是家庭成员、学生或男朋友/丈夫。GBV是女高中生中一个严重的公共卫生问题。一级和二级预防对于遏制GBV的后果至关重要。
