埃塞俄比亚女性基于性别的暴力行为及其相关因素：一项系统综述与荟萃分析
Gender-based violence and associated factors among women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Yirdaw Berhanu Wale, Yimer Bimrew Bayuh
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Teda Health Science College, P.O.BOX: 790, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology, Teda Health Science College, P.O.BOX: 790, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Womens Health. 2025 Jul 4;25(1):312. doi: 10.1186/s12905-025-03867-0.
BACKGROUND
Gender-based violence (GBV) is a significant public health and human rights issue globally. In Ethiopia, the true extent and associated factors of GBV among women remain inadequately synthesized. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of GBV and identify its associated factors among women in Ethiopia.
METHODS
A comprehensive search of literatures was conducted using PubMed, Medline, HINARI, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar from November 10, 2024 to November 30, 2024 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additional studies were searched using a reference of identified articles. Studies reporting the prevalence of GBV and associated factors among women in Ethiopia were included. Data were extracted using a standardized form and the quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Inspection of the Funnel plot and Egger's test were used to evaluate the evidence of publication bias. The heterogeneity of the included studies was evaluated using Cochrane Q and I2 test. A random effects meta-analysis was computed to determine the pooled estimate of gender-based violence using STATA 17.
RESULTS
A total of 19 studies with 23,787 study participants were included in this review. The meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of gender-based violence among women is 51.34% (95% CI: 44.48-58.19). Factors significantly associated with GBV included monthly pocket money received from their parents, urban residence, experience of sexual intercourse, young age, alcohol consumption, being single in marital status, tight family control and number of sexual partners.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of gender-based violence among women is found to be high, which is a significant concern. Identified associated factors highlight potential areas for targeted interventions and prevention strategies. Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay of these factors and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42024619618.
背景
基于性别的暴力（GBV）是全球一个重大的公共卫生和人权问题。在埃塞俄比亚，女性中基于性别的暴力的真实程度及其相关因素仍未得到充分综合分析。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在估计埃塞俄比亚女性中基于性别的暴力的合并患病率，并确定其相关因素。
方法
按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，于2024年11月10日至2024年11月30日使用PubMed、Medline、HINARI、EMBASE、科学网、Scopus和谷歌学术对文献进行全面检索。使用已识别文章的参考文献搜索其他研究。纳入报告埃塞俄比亚女性中基于性别的暴力患病率及其相关因素的研究。使用标准化表格提取数据，并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估纳入研究的质量。使用漏斗图检查和埃格检验评估发表偏倚的证据。使用Cochrane Q和I2检验评估纳入研究的异质性。使用STATA 17计算随机效应荟萃分析，以确定基于性别的暴力的合并估计值。
结果
本评价共纳入19项研究，研究参与者共23,787人。荟萃分析表明，女性中基于性别的暴力的合并患病率为51.34%（95%CI：44.48 - 58.19）。与基于性别的暴力显著相关的因素包括从父母那里获得的每月零花钱、城市居住、性交经历、年轻、饮酒、婚姻状况为单身、家庭管控严格以及性伴侣数量。
结论
发现女性中基于性别的暴力患病率很高，这是一个重大问题。已识别的相关因素突出了有针对性的干预措施和预防策略的潜在领域。需要进一步研究以了解这些因素之间的复杂相互作用，并评估干预措施的有效性。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42024619618。
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