Ozkan Jerome, Majzoub Marwan E, Coroneo Minas, Thomas Torsten, Willcox Mark
School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Marine Science and Innovation and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Host-Microbiome Interactions Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Exp Eye Res. 2023 Oct;235:109615. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109615. Epub 2023 Aug 15.
The most common and chronic ocular problem of aging is dry eye disease (DED) and the associated condition of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The resident ocular surface bacteria may have a role in maintaining homeostasis and perturbation may contribute to disease development. The aim of this study was to compare the microbiomes of the conjunctiva and eyelid margin in humans with mild and moderate DED and controls using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. The conjunctiva and lid margin of three cohorts (N = 60; MGD, MGD with lacrimal dysfunction [MGD + LD] and controls) were swabbed bilaterally three times over three months. Microbial communities were analysed by extracting DNA and sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16 S ribosomal RNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences were quality filtered, clustered into amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) using UNOISE algorithm and taxonomically classified using a Bayesian Last Common Ancestor (BCLA) algorithm against the GTDB 2207 database. The overall microbial communities of the MGD, MGD + LD and control groups were significantly different from each other (P = 0.001). The MGD and MGD + LD dry eye groups showed greater variability between individuals compared to the control (PERMDISP, P < 0.01). There was decreased richness and diversity in females compared to males for the conjunctiva (P < 0.04) and eyelid margin (P < 0.018). The conjunctiva in the MGD + LD group had more abundant Pseudomonas azotoformans, P. oleovorans and Caballeronia zhejiangensis compared to MGD and control (P < 0.05), while the MGD group had more abundant Corynebacterium macginleyi and C. kroppenstedtii compared to control (P < 0.05). The lid margin in MGD was more abundant in C. macginleyi, C. accolens, and C. simulans compared to the MGD + LD and control (P < 0.05). There were differences in the overall microbial community composition and certain taxa, including increased levels of lipophilic bacteria, on the conjunctiva and eyelid margin in mild to moderate DED/MGD compared to controls. DED/MGD was also associated with a reduced bacterial richness and diversity in females.
衰老最常见的慢性眼部问题是干眼病（DED）以及相关的睑板腺功能障碍（MGD）。眼部表面常驻细菌可能在维持体内平衡中发挥作用，而这种平衡的扰动可能会导致疾病发展。本研究的目的是使用16S rRNA基因测序比较轻度和中度DED患者与对照组人群结膜和眼睑边缘的微生物群落。在三个月内，对三个队列（N = 60；MGD、伴有泪腺功能障碍的MGD [MGD + LD] 和对照组）的双侧结膜和睑缘进行三次擦拭取样。通过提取DNA并使用Illumina MiSeq平台对16S核糖体RNA基因的V3-V4区域进行测序来分析微生物群落。对序列进行质量过滤，使用UNOISE算法将其聚类为扩增子序列变体（ASV），并使用贝叶斯最近共同祖先（BCLA）算法针对GTDB 2207数据库进行分类学分类。MGD、MGD + LD和对照组的总体微生物群落彼此之间存在显著差异（P = 0.001）。与对照组相比，MGD和MGD + LD干眼组个体间的变异性更大（PERMDISP，P < 0.01）。结膜（P < 0.04）和睑缘（P < 0.018）女性的细菌丰富度和多样性低于男性。与MGD组和对照组相比，MGD + LD组结膜中的固氮假单胞菌、食油假单胞菌和浙江类诺卡氏菌更为丰富（P < 0.05），而与对照组相比，MGD组结膜中的麦氏棒状杆菌和克氏棒状杆菌更为丰富（P < 0.05）。与MGD + LD组和对照组相比，MGD组睑缘中的麦氏棒状杆菌、亲棒状杆菌和模拟棒状杆菌更为丰富（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，轻度至中度DED/MGD患者结膜和睑缘的总体微生物群落组成和某些分类群存在差异，包括嗜脂性细菌水平增加。DED/MGD还与女性细菌丰富度和多样性降低有关。
