Chen Zhaojun, Zhu Yunxia, Wu Ting, Qian Xia, Hu Ye, Hu Wensheng
Department of Child Health Care, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jul 31;10:1214040. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1214040. eCollection 2023.
Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is common, but whether maternal vitamin D status affects glycolipid metabolism of offspring remains unclear.
To evaluate the effect of maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on the glycolipid metabolism of offspring at different life-cycles (from birth to adulthood) and to explore the improvement of different dosages of vitamin D supplementation.
Sprague-Dawley rats were fed vitamin D-deprived (VDD group) or standard vitamin D diets (SC group) during pregnancy, and their diets were changed to standard vitamin D diets during lactation (the offspring were sorted into VDD and SC groups). After weaning, rats in the VDD group were randomly assigned to the VDD, VDDS and VDDS groups with diets containing standard, medium and high dosages of vitamin D for 12 wk. Serum was collected for biochemical analyses at postnatal Day 21, postnatal Day 56 and postnatal Day 84. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at postnatal Day 70.
Compared to SC, rats in the VDD group had significantly lower birth weight with faster weight gain and higher levels of lipid metabolism in early life. After near adulthood, the differences in weight and lipid metabolism between the two groups disappeared. OGTT showed significantly higher blood glucose levels in the VDD group at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min. The continuation of vitamin D supplementation at medium and high dosages after weaning did not cause any obvious changes in weight or glycolipid metabolism (except for postprandial hyperglycemia). OGTT demonstrated that the glucose levels in the VDD-S group were lowest at all the time points and that those in the VDD-S group were the highest at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min among the three groups.
The adverse effects of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on glycolipid metabolism in offspring vary in different stages. Over a long time period, adequate vitamin D supplementation is beneficial to glycolipid metabolism for the offspring of subjects with vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy; however, further improvement is required.
孕期维生素D缺乏很常见，但母亲的维生素D状态是否会影响后代的糖脂代谢仍不清楚。
评估孕期母亲维生素D缺乏对后代不同生命周期（从出生到成年）糖脂代谢的影响，并探讨不同剂量维生素D补充的改善作用。
将斯普拉格-道利大鼠在孕期喂以缺乏维生素D的饲料（VDD组）或标准维生素D饲料（SC组），并在哺乳期将其饲料改为标准维生素D饲料（后代分为VDD和SC组）。断奶后，将VDD组大鼠随机分为VDD、VDDS和VDDS组，分别喂以含标准、中剂量和高剂量维生素D的饲料12周。在出生后第21天、第56天和第84天采集血清进行生化分析。在出生后第70天进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）。
与SC组相比，VDD组大鼠出生体重显著降低，早期体重增加更快，脂质代谢水平更高。接近成年后，两组之间的体重和脂质代谢差异消失。OGTT显示，VDD组在30分钟、60分钟和90分钟时血糖水平显著更高。断奶后继续补充中高剂量维生素D对体重或糖脂代谢没有引起任何明显变化（餐后高血糖除外）。OGTT表明，VDD-S组在所有时间点的血糖水平最低，而在三组中，VDD-S组在30分钟、60分钟和90分钟时的血糖水平最高。
孕期维生素D缺乏对后代糖脂代谢的不良影响在不同阶段有所不同。长期来看，充足的维生素D补充对孕期维生素D缺乏的受试者的后代糖脂代谢有益；然而，仍需要进一步改善。
