Approaches to integrating online videos into health professions curricula: educators' perspectives from multiple institutions.

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated a transition from lecture-based classes to blended and online learning, increasing the need to integrate publicly available online educational videos. Although online videos are widely available, it is challenging for educators to effectively integrate them into a curriculum. Years before the pandemic, educators from different institutions integrated videos from a library of microbiology and immunology resources into different curricula. Their experiences may inform current educators on the approach to incorporating external resources into their unique curricula. We interviewed US health professions instructors or course directors who had previously requested access to online microbiology and immunology videos. Using thematic analysis, we organized prominent themes into an existing framework for curriculum development. We then reflected on the meaning of the themes using the same conceptual framework. We found that educators from different schools were able to integrate the same publicly available videos into varying contexts. Most used them as preparation for interactive sessions. For integrating videos, educators felt success when the following actions occurred. 1) Educators integrated videos as a tool to enhance active-learning activities. 2) Educators created activities that focused on clinical applications of knowledge, taught critical thinking, and developed enthusiasm for the subject. 3) They tested students on knowledge application and major concepts rather than solely on content for high-stakes exams. 4) Educators worked with administrators who understood the goals of integrating external videos and supported educators with time and resources to develop effective blended learning. Our study suggests that educators integrating external resources into their curricula may benefit from first establishing their goals and aspirations for their students. These goals then become the anchor for other curricular elements, including external videos, in-class activities, and assessments. Our study highlights the need for dedicated time to develop experienced and enthusiastic educators.