Physicians for Human Rights, New York, NY.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, UNC. School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
Torture. 2023;33(2):157-167. doi: 10.7146/torture.v33i2.135272.
Historically, torture often was understood as physical and/or psychological pain inflicted by governmental agents on an individual who is detained or imprisoned in governmental custody. As defined by the United Nations Convention Against Torture (UNCAT), however, torture is increasingly recognized as occurring in settings far beyond carceral settings.
从历史上看，酷刑通常被理解为政府机构对被拘留或监禁在政府监管下的个人施加的身体和/或心理上的痛苦。然而，根据《联合国禁止酷刑公约》（UNCAT）的定义，酷刑越来越被认为发生在监狱环境之外的地方。
