Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2023 Nov;33(11):2166-2180. doi: 10.1111/sms.14457. Epub 2023 Aug 17.
We aimed to analyze the effect of brain endurance training on maximum oxygen consumption (VO ), time-to-exhaustion, and inhibitory control in amateur trained runners. We employed a mixed experimental design, with the group as the between-participant factor and time as the within-participant factor. 45 participants attended 36 training sessions over 12 weeks. The cognitive training group (CT) performed the Stroop word-color task [trials of each type (congruent, incongruent, and neutral) were randomly presented during each training session], the endurance training group (ET) participated in a running training program (intensity was 60%Δ of maximal aerobic velocity and performed on a motor-driven treadmill), and the brain endurance training group (BET) make cognitive and endurance training simultaneously over 12 weeks. The total time of each session (i.e., 20-40 min) was identical in the experimental groups. VO , time-to-exhaustion, and inhibitory control tests were measured before (baseline) and after (post-experiment) the 12-week intervention. A significant effect of interaction (group × time) for VO (p < 0.05) was found. A post-hoc test showed an increase in VO from baseline to post-experiment only for ET (Δ% = 2.98) and BET (Δ% = 3.78) groups (p < 0.05). Also, the analyses showed a significant interaction (group × time) for time-to-exhaustion (p < 0.05), and a post-hoc test revealed an improvement in time-to-exhaustion for ET (Δ% = 8.81) and BET (Δ% = 11.01) (p < 0.05). No group × time interaction was found for accuracy and response time in the inhibitory control task (p > 0.05). The results conclude that BET was not superior to ET for improving VO and time-to-exhaustion. Also, the findings conclude that BET improved inhibitory control similar to CT.
我们旨在分析脑耐力训练对业余训练跑者最大摄氧量（VO ）、力竭时间和抑制控制的影响。我们采用了混合实验设计，将组作为组间因素，时间作为组内因素。45 名参与者参加了 12 周的 36 次训练。认知训练组（CT）进行 Stroop 字色任务[每种类型（一致、不一致和中性）的试验在每次训练中随机呈现]，耐力训练组（ET）参加跑步训练计划（强度为最大有氧速度的 60%Δ，在电动跑步机上进行），而脑耐力训练组（BET）在 12 周内同时进行认知和耐力训练。实验组每次训练的总时间（即 20-40 分钟）相同。在 12 周干预前后（实验前和实验后）分别测量 VO 、力竭时间和抑制控制测试。发现 VO 的交互作用（组×时间）有显著效果（p<0.05）。事后检验显示，仅 ET（Δ%=2.98）和 BET（Δ%=3.78）组的 VO 从基线到实验后增加（p<0.05）。此外，分析还显示，力竭时间的交互作用（组×时间）具有统计学意义（p<0.05），事后检验显示 ET（Δ%=8.81）和 BET（Δ%=11.01）组的力竭时间均有所改善（p<0.05）。在抑制控制任务的准确性和反应时间方面，未发现组×时间的交互作用（p>0.05）。结果表明，BET 并没有比 ET 更能提高 VO 和力竭时间。此外，研究结果表明，BET 对抑制控制的改善与 CT 相似。
