Centre for Sport Studies, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain.
Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universidad de La Coruña, La Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
PeerJ. 2022 Oct 5;10:e14035. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14035. eCollection 2022.
Maximal aerobic speed (MAS) is a useful parameter to assess aerobic capacity and estimate training intensity in middle- and long-distance runners. However, whether middle- and long-distance runners reach different levels of MAS compared to other endurance athletes with similar V̇O has not been previously studied. Therefore, we aimed to compare V̇O, MAS and spatiotemporal parameters between sub-elite middle- and long-distance runners ( = 6) and endurance non-runners ( = 6). In addition, we aimed to compare the maximal blood lactate concentration [BLa] experienced by participants after conducting these tests.
Telemetric portable respiratory gas analysis, contact and flight time, and stride length and rate were measured using a 5-m contact platform during an incremental test at a synthetic athletics track. V̇O, heart rate, respiratory quotient values in any 15 s average period during the test were measured. [BLa] was analyzed after the test . Running spatiotemporal parameters were recorded at the last two steps of each 400 m lap. A coefficient of variation (%CV) was calculated for each spatiotemporal variable in each participant from 8 km h onwards.
Whereas runners reported faster MAS (21.0 vs. 18.2 km h) than non-runners ( = 0.0001, ES = 3.0), no differences were found for V̇O and maximum blood lactate concentration during the running tests (p > 0.05). While significant increases in flight time and stride length and frequency (p < 0.001, 0.52 ≤ ≤ 0.8) were observed throughout the tests, decreases in contact time (p < 0.001, ) were reported. Runners displayed a greater %CV ( = 0.015) in stride length than non-runners. We conclude that middle- and long-distance runners can achieve a faster MAS compared to non-running endurance athletes despite exhibiting a similar V̇O. This superior performance may be associated to a greater mechanical efficiency. Overall, runners displayed a greater ability to modify stride length to achieve fast speeds, which may be related to a more mechanically efficient pattern of spatiotemporal parameters than non-runners.
最大有氧速度（MAS）是评估有氧能力和估计中长跑运动员训练强度的有用参数。然而，中长跑运动员与具有相似 V̇O 的其他耐力运动员相比，是否达到了不同水平的 MAS 尚未得到研究。因此，我们旨在比较亚精英中长跑运动员（n=6）和耐力非跑步运动员（n=6）之间的 V̇O、MAS 和时空参数。此外，我们旨在比较参与者在进行这些测试后经历的最大血乳酸浓度 [BLa]。
在合成田径场上进行递增测试时，使用 5 米接触平台测量遥测便携式呼吸气体分析、接触和飞行时间以及步长和步频。在测试的任何 15 秒平均期间测量 V̇O、心率和呼吸商值。测试后分析 [BLa]。在每个 400 m 圈的最后两步记录跑步时空参数。在参与者的每个时空变量中从 8 km h 开始计算变异系数（%CV）。
虽然跑步者报告的 MAS（21.0 比 18.2 km h）比非跑步者快（p=0.0001，ES=3.0），但在跑步测试期间 V̇O 和最大血乳酸浓度没有差异（p>0.05）。尽管在整个测试中观察到飞行时间和步长和频率的显著增加（p<0.001，0.52≤≤0.8），但接触时间减少（p<0.001，）。跑步者的步长变异系数（%CV）大于非跑步者（p=0.015）。我们得出结论，尽管中长跑运动员的 V̇O 相似，但他们可以达到比非跑步耐力运动员更快的 MAS。这种卓越的表现可能与更高的机械效率有关。总的来说，跑步者显示出更大的能力来改变步长以达到快速速度，这可能与比非跑步者更机械有效的时空参数模式有关。
