Chi Yuan, Kumar Priyank V, Zheng Jiewei, Kong Charlie, Yu Ruohan, Johnston Lucy, Ghasemian Mohammad B, Rahim Md Arifur, Kumeria Tushar, Chu Dewei, Lu Xunyu, Mao Guangzhao, Kalantar-Zadeh Kourosh, Tang Jianbo
School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
Electron Microscope Unit, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
ACS Nano. 2023 Sep 12;17(17):17070-17081. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04585. Epub 2023 Aug 17.
Metallic nanoarchitectures hold immense value as functional materials across diverse applications. However, major challenges lie in effectively engineering their hierarchical porosity while achieving scalable fabrication at low processing temperatures. Here we present a liquid-metal solvent-based method for the nanoarchitecting and transformation of solid metals. This was achieved by reacting liquid gallium with solid metals to form crystalline entities. Nanoporous features were then created by selectively removing the less noble and comparatively softer gallium from the intermetallic crystals. By controlling the crystal growth and dealloying conditions, we realized the effective tuning of the micro-/nanoscale porosities. Proof-of-concept examples were shown by applying liquid gallium to solid copper, silver, gold, palladium, and platinum, while the strategy can be extended to a wider range of metals. This metallic-solvent-based route enables low-temperature fabrication of metallic nanoarchitectures with tailored porosity. By demonstrating large-surface-area and scalable hierarchical nanoporous metals, our work addresses the pressing demand for these materials in various sectors.
金属纳米结构作为功能材料在各种应用中具有巨大价值。然而，主要挑战在于在低温下实现可扩展制造的同时有效地设计其分级孔隙率。在此，我们提出一种基于液态金属溶剂的方法用于固体金属的纳米结构化和转化。这是通过使液态镓与固体金属反应形成晶体实体来实现的。然后通过从金属间晶体中选择性地去除较不活泼且相对较软的镓来产生纳米多孔特征。通过控制晶体生长和脱合金条件，我们实现了对微/纳米尺度孔隙率的有效调节。通过将液态镓应用于固体铜、银、金、钯和铂展示了概念验证示例，而该策略可扩展到更广泛的金属。这种基于金属溶剂的途径能够在低温下制造具有定制孔隙率的金属纳米结构。通过展示大表面积且可扩展的分级纳米多孔金属，我们的工作满足了各领域对这些材料的迫切需求。
