National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
Addict Behav. 2023 Dec;147:107828. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107828. Epub 2023 Aug 6.
E-cigarette and tobacco-related content on social media continues to rise from lax restrictions on both personal and promotional posts. This content has been linked to various mechanisms of increased e-cigarette and tobacco use (i.e., lower risk perceptions and increased susceptibility). This study aimed to synthesis the association between exposure to e-cigarette and tobacco-related content and youth behaviours and attitudes.
A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Studies published post-2004 reporting effect estimates for exposure or engagement with e-cigarette or tobacco content on social media and behaviour or attitude outcomes were included.
Thirty-two studies (N = 274,283, aged 9 to 25 years) were included for synthesis. Meta-analyses revealed significant associations between engagement with tobacco content and use (OR 2.21; 95% CI = 1.27-3.82, p =.005; I = 96.4%), exposure to tobacco content and never users' lower risk perceptions (OR 0.68; 95% CI = 0.49-0.91; p =.011; I = 78.2%), and exposure to e-cigarette content and use (OR 1.37; 95% CI = 0.99-1.88; p = 0.058; I = 64.4%). There was no observed relationship between exposure to tobacco content and ever users' risk perceptions (OR 0.83; 95% CI = 0.61-1.13; p =.231; I = 83.5%). Qualitative synthesis found significant associations between tobacco exposure and increased current use and pro-tobacco attitudes; e-cigarette exposure and increased susceptibility and lower risk perceptions; tobacco engagement and increased susceptibility; e-cigarette engagement and increased use; dual exposure and increased susceptibility; and dual engagement and increased dual use. Mixed findings were identified for the influence of e-cigarette exposure on attitudes, tobacco exposure on susceptibility, dual exposure on dual use behaviours, and dual engagement on dual susceptibility.
Findings suggest an association between exposure and engagement to e-cigarette or tobacco products on social media and use or pro-use attitudes among youth. Further substantive research in the area of youth-specific use and attitudes following exposure and engagement with e-cigarette and tobacco content is needed to quantify this association.
社交媒体上电子烟和烟草相关内容的发布限制较为宽松，这导致电子烟和烟草的使用呈上升趋势。这些内容与电子烟和烟草使用增加的各种机制有关（即，降低风险认知和增加易感性）。本研究旨在综合评估接触电子烟和烟草相关内容与青少年行为和态度之间的关联。
在 PubMed、Scopus、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 上进行了全面检索。纳入了 2004 年后发表的报告社交媒体上电子烟或烟草内容的接触或参与度与行为或态度结果之间的效应估计值的研究。
综合分析了 32 项研究（N=274283 名 9-25 岁青少年）。荟萃分析显示，与烟草内容接触和参与度与使用（比值比 2.21；95%置信区间 1.27-3.82，p=0.005；I²=96.4%）、接触烟草内容与从未使用者的低风险认知（比值比 0.68；95%置信区间 0.49-0.91；p=0.011；I²=78.2%），以及接触电子烟内容与使用（比值比 1.37；95%置信区间 0.99-1.88；p=0.058；I²=64.4%）显著相关。然而，接触烟草内容与曾经使用者的风险认知之间没有观察到相关性（比值比 0.83；95%置信区间 0.61-1.13；p=0.231；I²=83.5%）。定性综合分析发现，接触烟草与当前使用增加和支持烟草的态度之间存在显著关联；接触电子烟与易感性增加和风险认知降低有关；接触烟草与易感性增加有关；接触电子烟与使用增加有关；双重接触与易感性增加有关；双重接触与双重使用增加有关。关于电子烟接触对态度的影响、烟草接触对易感性的影响、双重接触对双重使用行为的影响以及双重接触对双重易感性的影响，存在混合结果。
研究结果表明，社交媒体上电子烟或烟草产品的接触和参与度与青少年的使用或支持使用的态度之间存在关联。需要进一步开展针对青少年特定使用和态度的实质性研究，以量化这种关联。
