Ling Yang, Jinshi Zhang, Yilu Qian, Jinjin Lian, Mei Li, Weilin Zhang
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China.
Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
Plant Cell Rep. 2023 Nov;42(11):1721-1732. doi: 10.1007/s00299-023-03058-x. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
Ethylene formation via methionine reacting with trichloroisocyanuric acid under FeSO condition in a non-enzymatical manner provides one economically and efficiently novel ethylene-forming approach in planta. Rice seed germination can be stimulated by trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCICA). However, the molecular basis of TCICA in stimulating rice seed germination remains unclear. In this study, the molecular mechanism on how TCICA stimulated rice seed germination was examined via comparative transcriptome. Results showed that clustering of transcripts of TCICA-treated seeds, water-treated seeds, and dry seeds was clearly separated. Twenty-two and three hundred differentially expressed genes were identified as TCICA treatment responsive genes and TCICA treatment potentially responsive genes, respectively. Two and one TCICA treatment responsive genes were involved in ethylene signal transduction and iron homeostasis, respectively. Seventeen of the three hundred TCICA treatment potentially responsive genes were significantly annotated to iron ion binding. Meanwhile, level of methionine (ethylene precursor) showed a 73.9% decrease in response to TCICA treatment. Ethylene was then proved to produce via methionine reacting with TCICA under FeSO condition in vitro. Revealing ethylene formation by TCICA not only may bring novel insights into crosstalk between ethylene and other phytohormones during rice seed germination, but also may provide one economically and efficiently novel approach to producing ethylene in planta independently of the ethylene biosynthesis in plants and thereby may broaden its applications in investigational and applied purposes.
在硫酸亚铁条件下，蛋氨酸与三氯异氰尿酸以非酶促方式反应生成乙烯，为植物提供了一种经济高效的新型乙烯生成途径。三氯异氰尿酸（TCICA）可促进水稻种子萌发。然而，TCICA促进水稻种子萌发的分子基础尚不清楚。在本研究中，通过比较转录组研究了TCICA促进水稻种子萌发的分子机制。结果表明，经TCICA处理的种子、水处理的种子和干种子的转录本聚类明显分开。分别鉴定出22个和300个差异表达基因作为TCICA处理响应基因和TCICA处理潜在响应基因。分别有2个和1个TCICA处理响应基因参与乙烯信号转导和铁稳态。300个TCICA处理潜在响应基因中有17个被显著注释为与铁离子结合。同时，蛋氨酸（乙烯前体）水平在TCICA处理后下降了73.9%。随后证明在体外硫酸亚铁条件下，蛋氨酸与TCICA反应可产生乙烯。揭示TCICA诱导乙烯生成不仅可能为水稻种子萌发过程中乙烯与其他植物激素之间的相互作用带来新的见解，而且可能提供一种经济高效的新型途径，独立于植物中的乙烯生物合成在植物中产生乙烯，从而可能拓宽其在研究和应用目的方面的应用。
