Department of Psychoeducation and Social Work, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Québec, Canada; Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Québec, Canada; Centre d'études avancées en médecine du sommeil, Montréal, Canada.
Department of Psychoeducation and Social Work, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Québec, Canada.
Sleep Med. 2023 Oct;110:166-171. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.08.008. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
The objectives of this exploratory study were: 1) to draw a portrait of sleep, using actigraphic sleep measures, sleep diaries and a validated sleep questionnaire in preschoolers (3- to 5-year-olds) involved with Child Protective Services (CPS) and to compare it with preschoolers from the community, not involved with CPS and 2) to verify whether the sleep differences between the two groups persisted after adjusting for covariates (sociodemographic and child characteristics).
A total of 92 preschoolers aged from 3 to 5 years (49,5 ± 7,0 months) participated in the study (n = 22 preschoolers involved with CPS and n = 70 preschoolers from the community). Actigraphic sleep parameters were recorded using the child's non-dominant wrist over 72 h during weekdays and sleep diaries were filled out by parents (for nighttime) and childcare specialists (for daytime). Parents filled out the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaires (CSHQ) to measure their perception of their child's sleep. Chi-square tests, ANOVAs, and linear regressions were used to analyze the data and adjust for covariates (sociodemographic and child characteristics).
Preschoolers involved with CPS took longer to fall asleep and signaled significantly fewer nighttime awakenings to their parents compared to the group of preschoolers from the community. These significant effects were still present after adjusting for covariates (sociodemographic and child characteristics).
Understanding the underpinnings of these sleep differences by exploring their possible links with daytime cortisol production, sleep ecology and parent-child attachment are interesting avenues for future research.
本探索性研究的目的是：1）利用活动计睡眠测量、睡眠日记和经过验证的睡眠问卷描绘学龄前儿童（3 至 5 岁）的睡眠情况，这些儿童涉及儿童保护服务（CPS），并将其与未参与 CPS 的社区学龄前儿童进行比较；2）验证在调整协变量（社会人口学和儿童特征）后，两组之间的睡眠差异是否仍然存在。
共有 92 名 3 至 5 岁（49.5±7.0 个月）的学龄前儿童参与了这项研究（CPS 组 22 名，社区组 70 名）。使用儿童非优势手腕在工作日的 72 小时内记录活动计睡眠参数，家长填写睡眠日记（夜间）和儿童护理专家填写（白天）。家长填写儿童睡眠习惯问卷（CSHQ）以评估他们对孩子睡眠的看法。使用卡方检验、方差分析和线性回归分析数据并调整协变量（社会人口学和儿童特征）。
与社区组的学龄前儿童相比，参与 CPS 的学龄前儿童入睡时间更长，夜间向父母醒来的次数也明显减少。在调整协变量（社会人口学和儿童特征）后，这些显著影响仍然存在。
通过探索与日间皮质醇生成、睡眠生态和亲子依恋的可能联系，了解这些睡眠差异的基础，是未来研究的有趣途径。
