Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Osaka Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Osaka University, 1-3, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35, Shinano-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Osaka Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Osaka University, 1-3, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Environ Int. 2023 Sep;179:108123. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108123. Epub 2023 Aug 5.
Prenatal exposure to metallic elements may adversely affect early childhood health. However, more evidence is needed as population-based cohort studies are currently limited.
We aimed to examine the associations between prenatal metallic (mercury, selenium, and manganese) exposure and the risk of allergic diseases in early childhood until three years of age.
The data from 94,794 mother-infant pairs, who participated in the Japan Environment and Children's study, were used in this study. Prenatal metallic element exposure was measured in maternal blood collected during mid-pregnancy. The incidence of atopic dermatitis, food allergies, asthma, and allergic rhinitis during the first three years of life was prospectively investigated using self-reports of physician-diagnosed allergies. A multivariable modified Poisson regression model was used to estimate the cumulative incidence ratio and their 95% confidence intervals of allergic diseases associated with prenatal exposure to mercury, selenium, and manganese. We further evaluated the interaction between mercury and selenium exposures in this association.
We confirmed 26,238 cases of childhood allergic diseases: atopic dermatitis, food allergies, asthma, and allergic rhinitis in 9,715 (10.3%), 10,897 (11.5%), and 9,857 (10.4%), 4,630 (4.9%), respectively. No association was found between prenatal mercury or manganese exposure and the risk of allergic diseases. Prenatal selenium exposure was inversely associated with atopic dermatitis, food allergies, allergic rhinitis, and any allergic diseases, but not with asthma. These inverse associations were more pronounced for lower mercury exposures than for higher exposures.
Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to selenium may be beneficial for reducing the risk of atopic dermatitis, food allergies, allergic rhinitis, and any allergic diseases in early childhood, especially with lower prenatal mercury exposure.
产前暴露于金属元素可能会对儿童早期健康产生不利影响。然而，由于目前基于人群的队列研究有限，还需要更多的证据。
我们旨在研究产前金属（汞、硒和锰）暴露与儿童早期（三岁以下）过敏疾病风险之间的关联。
本研究使用了参加日本环境与儿童研究的 94794 对母婴对的数据。在妊娠中期采集母亲血液测量产前金属元素暴露情况。通过医生诊断的过敏症自我报告前瞻性调查生命前三年的特应性皮炎、食物过敏、哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的发生率。使用多变量修正泊松回归模型估计与产前汞、硒和锰暴露相关的过敏疾病的累积发病率比及其 95%置信区间。我们进一步评估了该关联中汞和硒暴露之间的相互作用。
我们确认了 26238 例儿童过敏疾病：特应性皮炎、食物过敏、哮喘和过敏性鼻炎分别为 9715 例（10.3%）、10897 例（11.5%）、9857 例（10.4%）和 4630 例（4.9%）。产前汞或锰暴露与过敏疾病风险之间没有关联。产前硒暴露与特应性皮炎、食物过敏、过敏性鼻炎和任何过敏疾病呈负相关，但与哮喘无关。对于较低的汞暴露，这些负相关更为明显。
我们的研究结果表明，产前暴露于硒可能有益于降低儿童早期特应性皮炎、食物过敏、过敏性鼻炎和任何过敏疾病的风险，尤其是在产前暴露于较低的汞的情况下。
