Qiu Tianlai, Zang Tianzi, Fang Qingbo, Xu Zhihu, Cao Yanan, Fan Xiaoxiao, Liu Jun, Zeng Xueer, Li Yanting, Tu Yiming, Li Guoxing, Bai Jinbing, Huang Jing, Liu Yanqun
Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Nov 1;336:122389. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122389. Epub 2023 Aug 16.
Particulate matter (PM) is an important component of air pollutants and is associated with various health risks. However, the impact of PM on toddlers' gut microbiota is rarely investigated. This study aimed to assess the cumulative and lagged effects of varying-sized PMs on toddlers' gut microbiota. We collected demographic information, stool samples, and exposure to PM from 36 toddlers aged 2-3 years. The toddlers were divided into warm season group and cooler season group according to the collection time of stool samples. The gut microbiota was processed and analyzed using 16S rRNA V3-V4 gene regions. The concentration of PM was calculated using China High Air Pollutants (CHAP) database. To assess the mixed effects of varying-sized PM, multiple-PM models were utilized. There were significant differences between the community composition, α- and β-diversity between two groups. In multiple-PM models, there was a significant effect of weight quantile sum (PM, PM, and PM) on α-diversity indices. In weight quantile sum models, after adjusting for a priori confounders, we found a negative effect of weight quantile sum on Enterococcus (β = -0.134, 95% CI -0.263 to -0.006), positive effects of weight quantile sum on unclassified_f__Ruminococcaceae (β = 0.247, 95% CI 0.102 to 0.393), Ruminococcus_1 (β = 0.444, 95% CI 0.238 to 0.650), unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae (β = 0.278, 95% CI 0.099 to 0.458), and Family_XIII_AD_3011_group (β = 0.254, 95% CI 0.086 to 0.422) in WSG and CSG. In lagged weight quantile sum models, the correlation between lag time PM levels and the gut microbiota showed seasonal trends, and weights of PM changed with lag periods. This is the first study to highlight that cumulative and lagged effects of PMs synergistically affect the diversities (α- and β-diversity) and abundance of the gut microbiota in toddlers. Further research is needed to explore the mediating mechanism of varying-sized PMs exposure on the gut microbiota in toddlers.
颗粒物（PM）是空气污染物的重要组成部分，与多种健康风险相关。然而，PM对幼儿肠道微生物群的影响鲜有研究。本研究旨在评估不同粒径的PM对幼儿肠道微生物群的累积和滞后效应。我们收集了36名2 - 3岁幼儿的人口统计学信息、粪便样本以及PM暴露情况。根据粪便样本的采集时间，将幼儿分为暖季组和冷季组。使用16S rRNA V3 - V4基因区域对肠道微生物群进行处理和分析。利用中国高空气污染物（CHAP）数据库计算PM浓度。为评估不同粒径PM的混合效应，采用了多PM模型。两组之间的群落组成、α - 和β - 多样性存在显著差异。在多PM模型中，重量分位数总和（PM、PM和PM）对α - 多样性指数有显著影响。在重量分位数总和模型中，在调整先验混杂因素后，我们发现暖季组和冷季组中，重量分位数总和对肠球菌有负面影响（β = -0.134，95%CI -0.263至-0.006），对未分类的瘤胃球菌科（β = 0.247，95%CI 0.102至0.393）、瘤胃球菌属1（β = 0.444，95%CI 0.238至0.650）、未分类的毛螺菌科（β = 0.278，95%CI 0.099至0.458）以及Family_XIII_AD_3011_group（β = 0.254，95%CI 0.086至0.422）有正面影响。在滞后重量分位数总和模型中，滞后时间的PM水平与肠道微生物群之间的相关性呈现季节性趋势，且PM的权重随滞后期而变化。这是第一项强调PM的累积和滞后效应协同影响幼儿肠道微生物群多样性（α - 和β - 多样性）及丰度的研究。需要进一步研究来探索不同粒径PM暴露对幼儿肠道微生物群的介导机制。
