Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan 572025, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Phytomedicine. 2023 Oct;119:155024. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155024. Epub 2023 Aug 13.
Piper nigrum essential oil (PnEO) possesses pleasant aroma, unique flavor, and various bioactivities; however, its role against colitis remains unclear.
In this study, we investigated the role of PnEO in relieving colitis and explored its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.
Initially, we identified and quantified the components of PnEO by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Subsequently, we investigated the protective role of PnEO (50 and 200 mg/kg) in DSS-induced colitis in mice by evaluating disease activity index (DAI) scores and colon length, and performing histological analyses. Eyeball blood was collected and cytokines were determined using ELISA kits. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of PnEO were analyzed by western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The intestinal barrier function was evaluated according to tight junction (TJ) protein mRNA levels. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the intestinal microflora of mouse cecal contents.
Supplementation with PnEO (50 and 200 mg/kg) increased colon length and improved colon histopathology. PnEO regulated inflammatory responses by downregulating TLR4/MAPKs activation, thereby reducing the release of cytokines and mediators. Moreover, it also protected the intestinal barrier through enhancing the expression of claudin-1, claudin-3, occludin, ZO-1, and mucin 2. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that PnEO (200 mg/kg) decreased the abundance of Akkermansia in the gut microbiome.
PnEO treatment (50 and 200 mg/kg) relieved DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting TLR4/MAPK pathway and protecting intestinal barrier, and high-dose PnEO exhibited better effects. Moreover, PnEO (200 mg/kg) regulated key compositions of the gut microbiome, which indicated that it had therapeutic potential for sustaining gut health to lower the risk of colitis.
胡椒薄荷精油（PnEO）具有宜人的香气、独特的风味和多种生物活性，但它在结肠炎中的作用尚不清楚。
本研究旨在探讨 PnEO 缓解结肠炎的作用及其在葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的结肠炎小鼠模型中的潜在机制。
首先，我们采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对 PnEO 的成分进行鉴定和定量。随后，我们通过评估疾病活动指数（DAI）评分和结肠长度，并进行组织学分析，研究了 PnEO（50 和 200mg/kg）对 DSS 诱导的结肠炎小鼠的保护作用。采集眼球血液，使用 ELISA 试剂盒测定细胞因子。采用 Western blot（WB）和免疫组织化学（IHC）分析 PnEO 的抗炎机制。根据紧密连接（TJ）蛋白 mRNA 水平评估肠道屏障功能。我们使用 16S rRNA 基因测序分析小鼠盲肠内容物的肠道微生物群。
补充 PnEO（50 和 200mg/kg）可增加结肠长度并改善结肠组织病理学。PnEO 通过下调 TLR4/MAPKs 激活来调节炎症反应，从而减少细胞因子和介质的释放。此外，它还通过增强 Claudin-1、Claudin-3、Occludin、ZO-1 和粘蛋白 2 的表达来保护肠道屏障。16S rRNA 基因测序显示，PnEO（200mg/kg）降低了肠道微生物组中 Akkermansia 的丰度。
PnEO（50 和 200mg/kg）治疗可通过抑制 TLR4/MAPK 通路和保护肠道屏障缓解 DSS 诱导的结肠炎，高剂量 PnEO 效果更好。此外，PnEO（200mg/kg）调节了肠道微生物组的关键组成，表明其具有维持肠道健康、降低结肠炎风险的治疗潜力。
