Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Eur J Med Chem. 2023 Nov 15;260:115719. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115719. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
The recently discovered coronavirus, known as SARS-CoV-2, is a highly contagious and potentially lethal viral infection that was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Since the beginning of the pandemic, an unprecedented number of COVID-19 vaccine candidates have been investigated for their potential to manage the pandemic. Herein, we reviewed vaccine development and the associated research effort, both traditional and forward-looking, to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of their technology, in addition to their efficacy limitations against mutant SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, we report repurposed drug discovery, which mainly focuses on virus-based and host-based targets, as well as their inhibitors. SARS-CoV-2 targets include the main protease (M), and RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp), which are the most well-studied and conserved across coronaviruses, enabling the development of broad-spectrum inhibitors of these enzymes.
最近发现的冠状病毒，称为 SARS-CoV-2，是一种高度传染性和潜在致命的病毒感染，世界卫生组织于 2020 年 3 月 11 日宣布其为大流行。自大流行开始以来，已经有大量的 COVID-19 疫苗候选物被研究，以评估它们管理大流行的潜力。在此，我们回顾了疫苗的开发以及相关的研究工作，包括传统和前瞻性的研究工作，以展示它们的技术的优缺点，以及它们针对突变的 SARS-CoV-2 的疗效限制。此外，我们还报告了药物再利用的发现，主要集中在基于病毒和基于宿主的靶点及其抑制剂上。SARS-CoV-2 的靶点包括主蛋白酶（M）和 RNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶（RdRp），它们在冠状病毒中研究得最多，且最为保守，这使得这些酶的广谱抑制剂的开发成为可能。
