Vázquez R, Parras-Berrocal I M, Koseki S, Cabos W, Sein D V, Izquierdo A
Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Spain; Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad de Alcalá, Spain.
Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Nov 10;898:166391. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166391. Epub 2023 Aug 17.
The Mauritania-Senegalese upwelling region (MSUR), the southernmost region of the Canary current upwelling system, is well-known for its coastal productivity and the key role it plays in enriching the oligotrophic open ocean through the offshore transport of the upwelled coastal waters. The great ecological and socio-economic importance makes it necessary to evaluate the impact of climate change on this region. Hence, our main objective is to examine the climate change signal over the MSUR with a high resolution regional climate system model (RCSM) forced by the Earth system model MPI-ESM-LR under RCP8.5 scenario. This RCSM has a regional atmosphere model (REMO) coupled to a global ocean model (MPIOM) with high-resolution in the MSUR, which allows us to evaluate the wind pattern, the ocean stratification, as well as the upwelling source water depth, while maintaining an ocean global domain. Under RCP8.5 scenario, our results show that the upwelling favourable winds of the northern MSUR are year-round intensified, while the southern MSUR presents a strengthening in winter and a weakening in March-April. Along with changes in the wind pattern, we found increased ocean stratification in the spring months. In those months southern MSUR presents a shallowing of the upwelling source water depth associated to changes in both mechanisms. However, in winter the whole MSUR shows a deepening of the upwelling source water depth due to the intensification of the upwelling favourable winds, with the increased ocean stratification playing a secondary role. Our results demonstrate the need to evaluate the future evolution of coastal upwelling systems taking into account their latitudinal and seasonal variability and the joint contribution of both mechanisms.
毛里塔尼亚 - 塞内加尔上升流区（MSUR）是加那利海流上升流系统最南端的区域，以其沿海生产力以及通过上升流的沿海水离岸输送对贫营养开阔海洋的富集作用所发挥的关键作用而闻名。其巨大的生态和社会经济重要性使得评估气候变化对该区域的影响成为必要。因此，我们的主要目标是利用在RCP8.5情景下由地球系统模型MPI - ESM - LR驱动的高分辨率区域气候系统模型（RCSM）来研究MSUR上的气候变化信号。这个RCSM有一个区域大气模型（REMO）与一个在MSUR具有高分辨率的全球海洋模型（MPIOM）耦合，这使我们能够评估风型、海洋分层以及上升流源水深度，同时保持海洋全球范围。在RCP8.5情景下，我们的结果表明，MSUR北部有利于上升流的风全年增强，而MSUR南部在冬季增强，在3 - 4月减弱。随着风型的变化，我们发现在春季月份海洋分层增加。在这些月份，MSUR南部上升流源水深度变浅，这与两种机制的变化都有关。然而，在冬季，整个MSUR上升流源水深度因有利于上升流的风增强而加深，海洋分层增加起次要作用。我们的结果表明，有必要考虑沿海上升流系统的纬度和季节变异性以及两种机制的共同作用来评估其未来演变。
