Docea Anca Oana, Cirstea Andrei Eugen, Cercelaru Liliana, Drocas Andrei Ioan, Dinca Viorica, Mesnage Robin, Marginean Cristina, Radu Antonia, Popa Dragos George, Rogoveanu Otilia, Mitrut Radu, Antoniou Michael N, Tsatsakis Aristidis, Hernández Antonio F, Calina Daniela
Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.
Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.
Environ Res. 2023 Nov 15;237(Pt 1):116908. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116908. Epub 2023 Aug 17.
The increasing use of the herbicide mixture of glyphosate, dicamba and 2-4-D to deal with glyphosate-resistant weeds raises concerns regarding human health and environmental risks. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of developmental exposure to glyphosate and a herbicide mixture containing glyphosate, dicamba and 2-4-D on rat dams' kidney and thyroid function and offspring's health. Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed from day-6 of gestation till weaning to regulatory relevant doses of glyphosate corresponding to the European Union (EU) acceptable daily intake (ADI; 0.5 mg/kg bw/day), and the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL; 50 mg/kg bw/day), and to a mixture of glyphosate, dicamba and 2,4-D all at the EU ADI (0.5, 0.002 and 0.3 mg/kg bw/day) respectively. After weaning the dams were sacrificed and blood and organs were collected. The pups' health was assessed by measuring viability, gestational and anogenital indices. Perinatal exposure to GLY alone and the herbicide mixture resulted in anti-androgenic effects in male offspring. In dams, exposure to glyphosate resulted in kidney glomerular and tubular dysfunction as well as increased thyroid hormone levels in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, exposure to the herbicide mixture resulted in effects similar to those observed with glyphosate at the NOAEL, suggesting at least an additive effect of the herbicide mixture at doses individually considered safe for humans.
草甘膦、麦草畏和2,4-滴除草剂混合物用于应对抗草甘膦杂草的情况日益增多，这引发了人们对人类健康和环境风险的担忧。本研究旨在评估发育期接触草甘膦以及含有草甘膦、麦草畏和2,4-滴的除草剂混合物对大鼠母鼠肾脏和甲状腺功能以及后代健康的影响。怀孕的Wistar大鼠从妊娠第6天至断奶期间，分别接触相当于欧盟可接受每日摄入量（ADI；0.5毫克/千克体重/天）和无观察到不良影响水平（NOAEL；50毫克/千克体重/天）的草甘膦规定相关剂量，以及分别接触草甘膦、麦草畏和2,4-滴均为欧盟ADI剂量（0.5、0.002和0.3毫克/千克体重/天）的混合物。断奶后处死母鼠并采集血液和器官。通过测量活力、妊娠指数和肛殖指数评估幼崽的健康状况。围产期单独接触草甘膦和除草剂混合物会导致雄性后代出现抗雄激素作用。在母鼠中，接触草甘膦会导致肾小球和肾小管功能障碍，并呈剂量依赖性增加甲状腺激素水平。此外，接触除草剂混合物产生的影响与在NOAEL剂量下草甘膦所观察到的影响相似，这表明该除草剂混合物在单独认为对人类安全的剂量下至少具有相加作用。
