Gamba Magda, Roa-Diaz Zayne M, Raguindin Peter Francis, Glisic Marija, Bano Arjola, Muka Taulant, Franco Oscar H, Marques-Vidal Pedro
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2023 Nov;33(11):2220-2232. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.018. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
Plant-based diets are associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) and lower risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), probably via phytochemicals acting synergistically. However, dietary phytochemical content estimation is challenging; therefore, the dietary phytochemical index (DPI) was proposed as a practical way to assess total dietary phytochemical content from phytochemical-rich foods (PRFs). We evaluated the association between DPI with CRFs and MetS and its components.
Cross-sectional analysis of 2009-2012 data of Colaus cohort study (Lausanne, Switzerland), including 3879 participants (mean age 57.6 ± 10.4 years, 53.5% women). Dietary intake was assessed via a validated food frequency questionnaire. DPI was calculated as the total energy intake percentage obtained from PRFs consumption and assessed as quartiles. Associations were determined using multivariable linear and logistic regression for CRFs and MetS, respectively. Median DPI value was 25.5 (interquartile range: 17.7-34.6). After multivariable-adjusted analyses, significant inverse associations were observed between the last two highest DPI quartiles and waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), insulin, leptin, and hs-CRP. No significant associations were observed for MetS or its components except for central obesity, as subjects in the highest DPI quartile had lower odds (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97) than those in lowest quartile.
A diet high in PRFs assessed via DPI is associated with lower WC, BMI, insulin, leptin, hs-CRP values, and lower odds of central obesity, indicating a potential protective effect of phytochemical intake on these CRFs and highlighting the importance of high PRFs intake in promoting cardiometabolic health.
植物性饮食与降低心血管代谢风险因素（CRFs）及降低代谢综合征（MetS）风险相关，可能是通过植物化学物质的协同作用。然而，饮食中植物化学物质含量的估计具有挑战性；因此，提出了饮食植物化学指数（DPI），作为一种从富含植物化学物质的食物（PRFs）中评估总饮食植物化学物质含量的实用方法。我们评估了DPI与CRFs、MetS及其组成成分之间的关联。
对Colaus队列研究（瑞士洛桑）2009 - 2012年的数据进行横断面分析，包括3879名参与者（平均年龄57.6±10.4岁，53.5%为女性）。通过经过验证的食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。DPI计算为从PRFs消费中获得的总能量摄入百分比，并按四分位数进行评估。分别使用多变量线性回归和逻辑回归确定与CRFs和MetS的关联。DPI中位数为25.5（四分位间距：17.7 - 34.6）。经过多变量调整分析后，在最高的两个DPI四分位数与腰围（WC）、体重指数（BMI）、胰岛素、瘦素和高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）之间观察到显著的负相关。除中心性肥胖外，未观察到MetS或其组成成分的显著关联，因为最高DPI四分位数的受试者比最低四分位数的受试者具有更低的患病几率（OR：0.78；95%CI：0.62，0.97）。
通过DPI评估的高PRFs饮食与较低的WC、BMI、胰岛素、瘦素、hs-CRP值以及较低的中心性肥胖几率相关，表明植物化学物质摄入对这些CRFs具有潜在的保护作用，并突出了高PRFs摄入量对促进心血管代谢健康的重要性。
