Unidad de Psicología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, España; Grupo de Investigación de Psiconeurobiología de los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria y Adicciones Comportamentales, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, España; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Programa de Doctorado en Medicina e Investigación Traslacional, Universidad de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, España.
Unidad de Psicología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, España; Programa de Doctorado en Medicina e Investigación Traslacional, Universidad de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, España; Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, IGTP Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2024 Jan 26;162(2):67-72. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.07.028. Epub 2023 Aug 17.
Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are eating disorders associated with life-threatening multisystemic medical complications. This narrative review aimed to present the medical complications most related to these disorders. In anorexia nervosa, many of them are linked to malnutrition and underweight, usually reversible with renutrition and weight restoration, although refeeding can also be linked to some medical complications. Purging behaviors observed in the anorexia nervosa binge-purging subtype and bulimia nervosa have been mainly related to hydrolectrolyte and acid-base disturbances, in addition to local complications. Thus, an early identification and therapeutic intervention of these disorders is considered crucial. Integral medical monitoring should be ensured to prevent potential serious complications from the early stages, with the involvement of physicians, psychologists, nutritionists, and other specialists in a multidisciplinary approach according to the patient's needs.
神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症是与危及生命的多系统医学并发症相关的进食障碍。本综述旨在介绍与这些障碍最相关的医学并发症。在神经性厌食症中,许多并发症与营养不良和体重过轻有关,通常通过重新营养和体重恢复来逆转,尽管重新喂养也可能与一些医学并发症有关。在神经性贪食症暴食-清除型中观察到的清除行为主要与水电解质和酸碱紊乱有关,此外还有局部并发症。因此,早期识别和治疗这些障碍被认为至关重要。应确保进行全面的医学监测,以防止早期出现潜在的严重并发症,根据患者的需要,由医生、心理学家、营养师和其他专家组成多学科团队进行治疗干预。