M, D, Internal Department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Imamreza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Pathol Res Pract. 2023 Sep;249:154757. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154757. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
Similar to many other diseases, the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is multifactorial and includes both genetic and environmental factors. Exposure to pesticides and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, mainly in electron transporter complexes 1 and 2 in the inner mitochondrial membrane, are two primary environmental risk factors for this disease. Increased accumulation of ROS and oxidative stress (OS) trigger a series of reactions that can lead to the aggregation of misfolded proteins, DNA damage, autophagy, and apoptosis, which may adversely affect cell function. These processes cause diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and PD. As indicated in previous studies, ROS is considered a critical regulator in the progression of PD. The human body contains several antioxidant molecules, such as vitamin A, vitamin C, bilirubin, and uric acid, as well as antioxidant enzymes including paraoxonase (PON), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Therefore, based on the canonical function of the antioxidant enzymes in PD, In the present review, we attempted to examine the function of antioxidant enzymes in PD.
类似于许多其他疾病，帕金森病（PD）的病因是多因素的，包括遗传和环境因素。接触农药和体内活性氧（ROS）的产生，主要是在线粒体膜内电子转运体复合物 1 和 2 中，是这种疾病的两个主要环境风险因素。ROS 的积累增加和氧化应激（OS）引发了一系列反应，可能导致错误折叠的蛋白质聚集、DNA 损伤、自噬和细胞凋亡，从而可能对细胞功能产生不利影响。这些过程导致了诸如冠状动脉疾病（CAD）、阿尔茨海默病（AD）和 PD 等疾病。正如先前的研究所示，ROS 被认为是 PD 进展的关键调节剂。人体含有几种抗氧化分子，如维生素 A、维生素 C、胆红素和尿酸，以及抗氧化酶，包括对氧磷酶（PON）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）。因此，基于抗氧化酶在 PD 中的典型功能，在本综述中，我们试图研究抗氧化酶在 PD 中的功能。
