Makris Elizabeth M, Makhoul Kevin G, Lee Terence B, Desai Manisha S
From the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA.
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA.
Ann Surg Open. 2022 Jan 20;3(1):e118. doi: 10.1097/AS9.0000000000000118. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Prior to the advent of anesthesia, surgery was limited in scope due to the excruciating pain experienced by patients. This raised challenges for surgeons who were distressed by the inadvertent suffering caused by surgery. The first successful use of ether anesthesia by William Thomas Green Morton (1819-1868) in 1846 at Massachusetts General Hospital was a turning point for the profession. The innovation and proliferation of operations catalyzed by the introduction of anesthesia altered the landscape of surgical practice. Initially, the introduction of ether into the field was met with hesitation and resistance by several parties in the medical field. It took the efforts of prominent surgeons to ensure that ether achieved its full potential. The greatest supporter of ether during this epoch was the young surgeon Henry Jacob Bigelow (1818-1890), who spent 30 years of his career advocating for and experimenting with anesthesia. The efforts of Bigelow, a gifted surgeon renowned for his contributions to orthopedic surgery, were instrumental in the promotion of anesthesia and the advancement of the surgical profession. In this article, we discuss the life, career, and contributions of Bigelow, particularly in the context of the introduction of modern anesthesia.
在麻醉术出现之前，由于患者要承受极度的疼痛，手术的范围受到限制。这给外科医生带来了挑战，他们因手术造成的意外痛苦而苦恼。1846年，威廉·托马斯·格林·莫顿（1819 - 1868）在马萨诸塞州总医院首次成功使用乙醚麻醉，这是该行业的一个转折点。麻醉术的引入催化了手术的创新与普及，改变了外科手术的格局。最初，乙醚进入该领域遭到了医学界几方的犹豫和抵制。需要杰出外科医生的努力来确保乙醚发挥其全部潜力。在这个时代，乙醚最有力的支持者是年轻的外科医生亨利·雅各布·比奇洛（1818 - 1890），他在职业生涯的30年里一直倡导并试验麻醉术。比奇洛是一位有天赋的外科医生，以其在整形外科方面的贡献而闻名，他的努力对麻醉术的推广和外科行业的发展起到了重要作用。在本文中，我们将讨论比奇洛的生平、职业生涯及其贡献，特别是在现代麻醉术引入的背景下。
