Sergi Consolato M
AP Division, Pathology Laboratories, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Front Pharmacol. 2023 Aug 3;14:1190367. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1190367. eCollection 2023.
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is the inflammation of the liver with clear-cut interface hepatitis and piecemeal necrosis located at the boundary between portal areas and periportal hepatocytes, and characterized by autoimmunity to hepatocytes with an increase in the antinuclear antibody. After the disastrous SARS-CoV-2 pandemic flagellated several countries, several vaccines have been commercialized and have become a ground for social responsibility. The mRNA vaccines, issued by Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNA-1273), do not use prebuilt viruses to supply the antigen in the subject's body and are not perfect but have been useful in tackling the pandemic. Nevertheless, both myocarditis and AIH have been reported as side effects of the vaccination programs in addition to thromboembolic events. Here, we explore this topic and give a data-based perspective, gathering a comparison between the titin protein of the sarcomere and myocarditis. The isolation of a gene using the serum from a patient with autoimmune scleroderma recognized an epitope on chromosomes (condensed mitotic form) in both human cultured cells and early embryos. It revealed that this gene encodes a homolog of the vertebrate titin (D-Titin). Moreover, anti-titin antibodies have been found in a subset of patients with , a neuromuscular junction disease that is mostly associated with autoimmune antibodies, such as the anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody. The co-existence of and autoimmune hepatitis is rare, and a cohort of patients with anti-titin antibodies seems to be highly relevant. In consideration of these data and the number of patients who may not be symptomatic, we postulated that autoimmune phenomena may not be exceedingly rare, following the administration of mRNA technology-based vaccines, and a balance between pros and cons in administrating boosters is critical.
自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）是一种肝脏炎症，具有明确的界面性肝炎和位于门管区与门周肝细胞之间边界处的桥接坏死，其特征是对肝细胞产生自身免疫，同时抗核抗体增加。在灾难性的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫情席卷多个国家之后，几种疫苗已商业化并成为社会责任的一个领域。辉瑞-生物科技公司（BNT162b2）和莫德纳公司（mRNA-1273）发布的信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗，不使用预先构建的病毒在受试者体内提供抗原，虽不完美但在应对疫情方面很有用。然而，除血栓栓塞事件外，心肌炎和自身免疫性肝炎也被报告为疫苗接种计划的副作用。在此，我们探讨这个话题并给出基于数据的观点，收集肌节的肌联蛋白与心肌炎之间的比较。使用来自自身免疫性硬皮病患者的血清分离出一个基因，该基因在人类培养细胞和早期胚胎中的染色体（浓缩有丝分裂形式）上识别出一个表位。结果显示，该基因编码脊椎动物肌联蛋白（D-肌联蛋白）的一个同源物。此外，在重症肌无力患者的一个亚组中发现了抗肌联蛋白抗体，重症肌无力是一种神经肌肉接头疾病，大多与自身免疫抗体相关，如抗乙酰胆碱受体抗体。重症肌无力与自身免疫性肝炎同时存在的情况很少见，而一组有抗肌联蛋白抗体的患者似乎高度相关。考虑到这些数据以及可能没有症状的患者数量，我们推测在接种基于mRNA技术的疫苗后，自身免疫现象可能并不罕见，并且在接种加强针时权衡利弊至关重要。
