Khan Muzammil Hassan, Liu Hao, Zhu Anning, Khan Mudassir Hassan, Hussain Sarfraz, Cao Hui
College of Life Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Fengqiu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Aug 2;14:1227297. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1227297. eCollection 2023.
Conservation tillage is a widely used technique worldwide, but the effects of conservation tillage on bacterial community structure are poorly understood. We explored proportional alterations in the bacterial community under different tillage treatments.
Hence, this study utilized high-throughput sequencing technique to investigate the structure and assembly processes of microbial communities in different tillage treatments.
Tillage treatments included tillage no-straw retention (CntWt), no-tillage with straw retention (CntWntS), tillage with straw retention (CntWtS), no-tillage and no-straw retention (CntWnt). The influence of tillage practices on soil bacterial communities was investigated using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Different tillage methods and straw retention systems significantly influenced soil parameters such as total potassium and pH were not affected by tillage practices, while straw retention significantly affected soil parameters including nitrogen content, available phosphorus and available potassium. Straw retention decreased bacterial diversity while increased bacterial richness. The effect of straw retention and tillage on bacterial communities was greater than with no tillage. Phylogenetic β-diversity analysis showed that deterministic homogeneous selection processes were dominated, while stochastic processes were more pronounced in tillage without straw retention. Ecological network analysis showed that microbial community correlation was increased in CntWntS and CntWnt. Straw retention treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of bacterial taxa Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and OD1, while Nitrospirae, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia significantly decreased.
The conservation tillage practices significantly affect soil properties, bacterial composition, and assembly processes; however, further studies are required to investigate the impact of different crops, tillage practices and physiological characteristics on bacterial community structure and functions.
保护性耕作是一种在全球广泛应用的技术，但人们对其对细菌群落结构的影响了解甚少。我们探究了不同耕作处理下细菌群落的比例变化。
因此，本研究利用高通量测序技术来研究不同耕作处理下微生物群落的结构和组装过程。
耕作处理包括免耕无秸秆还田（CntWt）、免耕有秸秆还田（CntWntS）、翻耕有秸秆还田（CntWtS）、免耕无秸秆还田（CntWnt）。使用Illumina MiSeq测序研究耕作方式对土壤细菌群落的影响。不同的耕作方法和秸秆还田系统显著影响土壤参数，如全钾，而pH不受耕作方式影响，而秸秆还田显著影响土壤参数，包括氮含量、有效磷和有效钾。秸秆还田降低了细菌多样性，同时增加了细菌丰富度。秸秆还田和耕作对细菌群落的影响大于免耕。系统发育β多样性分析表明，确定性均匀选择过程占主导地位，而随机过程在无秸秆还田的耕作中更为明显。生态网络分析表明，CntWntS和CntWnt中微生物群落相关性增加。秸秆还田处理显著增加了细菌类群变形菌门、拟杆菌门和OD1的相对丰度，而硝化螺旋菌门、放线菌门和疣微菌门显著减少。
保护性耕作措施显著影响土壤性质、细菌组成和组装过程；然而，需要进一步研究来调查不同作物类型、耕作措施和生理特性对细菌群落结构和功能的影响。
