Ocampo-Zuleta Korina, Parrado-Rosselli Ángela
Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas. Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad Austral de Chile. Campus Isla Teja, 5090000 Valdivia, Chile.
Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Ecología y Evolución, Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
Plant Divers. 2022 Dec 5;45(4):385-396. doi: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.11.007. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Recently, the Andean subpáramo in Colombia has experienced severe wildfires, but little is known about the functional composition of recovering or not after a wildfire. Therefore, we examined the functional community composition subpáramo affected by fire in 2016. We documented how functional traits changed 31 months after the disturbance and compared them with an unburned site. We sampled from one to two years after the fire every four months, then registered all recruits in 16 5 × 5m plots. New individuals were classified into strategy functional groups based on the traits of persistence and dispersal. The first group was stem type and regeneration mechanism (seedling and resprout), and the second was fruit type and dispersal mode. We investigated the degree to which functional diversity changes plant communities over time (woody and non-woody), and we compared it with an unburned site. The most relevant results showed that resprouts and seed regenerated increased post-fire time and significant differences between sampling periods. The anemochory is the most relevant dispersal mode that indicates the community capacity to colonize the new gaps opened by the fire rapidly. We discuss how wildfire appears to be a triggering factor for persistence and dispersal strategy groups in subpáramo burned given their characteristics of tolerance to stress. For this reason, a greater functional divergence between the ecosystems studied post-fire recovery has been related to higher levels of biodiversity at the landscape scale due to the high degree of endemism and significant differences in species composition between páramos.
最近，哥伦比亚的安第斯亚高山带经历了严重的野火，但对于野火后恢复或未恢复的功能组成了解甚少。因此，我们研究了2016年受火灾影响的亚高山带功能群落组成。我们记录了干扰31个月后功能性状的变化，并将其与未燃烧的地点进行比较。火灾后每隔四个月从一到两年进行一次采样，然后在16个5×5米的样地中记录所有新植株。根据持久性和扩散性的特征，将新个体分为策略功能组。第一组是茎的类型和再生机制（幼苗和萌蘖），第二组是果实类型和扩散方式。我们研究了功能多样性随时间变化对植物群落（木本和非木本）的影响程度，并将其与未燃烧的地点进行比较。最相关的结果表明，萌蘖和种子再生随着火灾后的时间增加，且采样期之间存在显著差异。风媒传播是最相关的扩散方式，表明群落有能力迅速在火灾开辟的新空地上定殖。鉴于其对压力的耐受性特征，我们讨论了野火如何似乎是亚高山带燃烧后持久性和扩散策略组的触发因素。因此，由于高度的特有性以及不同亚高山带之间物种组成的显著差异，火灾后恢复的研究生态系统之间更大的功能差异与景观尺度上更高的生物多样性水平相关。
