Singh Gurmeet, Fauzi Nova
Internal Medicine, Respirology, and Critical Illness, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, IDN.
Cureus. 2023 Jul 19;15(7):e42164. doi: 10.7759/cureus.42164. eCollection 2023 Jul.
COVID-19 or coronavirus disease is a pneumonia-like condition caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus. Many mutations of this virus have emerged throughout the two-year period of this pandemic. However, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment of COVID-19 remain relatively unchanged. Various substances have been assessed for their functions as COVID-19 immunomodulators. Said substances in this article include aspirin, vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, and selenium. Aspirin was found to reduce mortality risk and embolism events. Vitamin C did not seem to improve mechanical ventilation-free days but did improve oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2), peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2), and body temperature in severe COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D3 was not significantly different compared to placebo in improving mortality in hospitalized patients. However, respiratory tract infection (COVID-19 included) events were lower in individuals given vitamin D3 compared to those who were not. Zinc combined with ascorbic acid caused a quick reduction in symptoms but was not significant compared to zinc alone, ascorbic acid alone, or standard care. Individuals with lower levels of selenium were found to have worse outcomes of COVID-19 compared to those with high levels of selenium. However, further studies, especially clinical trials, are needed. Asprinol is a drug that contains vitamins and minerals plus aspirin which are suggested to help alleviate symptoms and improve outcomes of COVID-19. This review aims to assess the efficacy of asprinol contents in COVID-19 patients.
新冠病毒病（COVID-19）是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV2）引起的一种类似肺炎的病症。在这场大流行的两年期间，该病毒出现了许多变异。然而，COVID-19的临床表现、诊断方法和治疗仍相对未变。人们已对各种物质作为COVID-19免疫调节剂的功能进行了评估。本文所述的这些物质包括阿司匹林、维生素C、维生素D3、锌和硒。研究发现阿司匹林可降低死亡风险和栓塞事件。维生素C似乎并未改善无机械通气天数，但确实改善了重症COVID-19患者的氧合（动脉血氧分压/吸入氧浓度比值）、外周毛细血管血氧饱和度（SpO2）和体温。在改善住院患者死亡率方面，维生素D3与安慰剂相比无显著差异。然而，与未服用维生素D3的个体相比，服用维生素D3的个体发生呼吸道感染（包括COVID-19）事件的几率更低。锌与抗坏血酸联合使用可使症状迅速减轻，但与单独使用锌、单独使用抗坏血酸或标准治疗相比，差异不显著。与硒水平高的个体相比，硒水平低的个体COVID-19预后更差。然而，还需要进一步的研究，尤其是临床试验。阿斯普瑞诺（Asprinol）是一种含有维生素、矿物质和阿司匹林的药物，有人认为它有助于缓解COVID-19的症状并改善其预后。本综述旨在评估阿斯普瑞诺成分对COVID-19患者的疗效。
