Centre for Care Research North, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Eastern Norway Research Institute, Hamar, Norway.
Scand J Prim Health Care. 2023 Dec;41(4):359-371. doi: 10.1080/02813432.2023.2242713. Epub 2023 Aug 21.
Our objectives were to examine what is known about the provision of healthcare services to older LGBT adults in the Nordic countries, identify knowledge gaps, map implications of this research for the education of healthcare professionals and delivery of healthcare, and identify key future research priorities to advance policy and practice for older LGBT adults in this region.
We conducted searches in nine databases. Peer-reviewed articles and PhD theses published in and after 2002 written in English, Norwegian, Swedish or Danish languages were included. 41 studies met our inclusion criteria. However, only eight of these studies focused specifically on older LGBT adults. Therefore, to answer all research questions, five book chapters about older groups were also included.
There were few studies from countries other than Sweden and few quantitative studies. Bisexual people represented a neglected group in research. The studies included showed that healthcare personnel lack knowledge on LGBT issues, particularly about older LGBT adults and non-binary gender identification. Older LGBT adults frequently reported being met with cis- and heteronormative expectations in healthcare encounters. For transgender people, access to medical treatment has been managed by gatekeepers influenced by a binary understanding of gender.
Relevant measures to enhance practices are increased attention on LGBT issues in education; training of healthcare professionals; measures at the institutional level; and ensuring that transgender people identifying as non-binary receive the same quality of care as individuals identifying in a binary way.
本研究旨在探讨北欧国家为老年 LGBT 群体提供医疗服务的现状，明确该领域的知识空白，阐明该研究对医疗专业人员教育和医疗服务提供的影响，并确定关键的未来研究重点，以推动该地区老年 LGBT 群体的政策和实践。
我们在九个数据库中进行了检索。纳入了 2002 年及以后发表的、用英文、挪威语、瑞典语或丹麦语撰写的同行评议文章和博士论文。符合纳入标准的研究有 41 项。然而，仅有 8 项研究专门针对老年 LGBT 群体。因此，为了回答所有研究问题，还纳入了 5 个关于老年群体的章节。
除了瑞典，其他国家的研究较少，定量研究也较少。在研究中，双性人是一个被忽视的群体。纳入的研究表明，医疗保健人员对 LGBT 问题缺乏了解，特别是对老年 LGBT 群体和非二元性别认同的了解。老年 LGBT 群体在医疗保健中经常报告遇到顺性别和异性恋规范的期望。对于跨性别者，医疗准入受到受二元性别观念影响的守门人的管理。
为了提高实践水平，相关措施包括在教育中增加对 LGBT 问题的关注、对医疗保健专业人员的培训、机构层面的措施，以及确保非二元性别认同的跨性别者获得与二元性别认同者相同质量的护理。
