Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519080, China.
Mar Environ Res. 2023 Oct;191:106152. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106152. Epub 2023 Aug 19.
Most studies on coral bleaching alerts use common Degree Heating Week (DHW) thresholds; however, these may underestimate historical patterns of heat stress for coral reef ecosystems. Taking an optimized DHW threshold for coral bleaching alerts for Coral Reef Watch (CRW) and Coral Reef Temperature Anomaly Database (CoRTAD) products, we analyzed the precise spatial and temporal pattern of heat stress on China's coral reefs from 2010 to 2021 in the South China Sea (SCS) and the Beibu Gulf (BG). We compared acute heat stress using common and optimized thresholds. Results indicated that the ocean warming rate in 2010-2021 was approximately 0.43 ± 0.22 °C/10a, showing a significant increase in the northern SCS and the BG. More severe bleaching events were predicted by the optimized thresholds and the high-frequency areas were mainly in the northern SCS. The number and intensity of years with severe heat stress anomalies was in the order 2020 > 2014 > 2010 > 2015. Heat stress duration was the longest in the Xisha Islands among offshore archipelagos, and longest in 2020-2021 in Weizhou Island in BG in the relative high-latitude inshore reefs. These abnormal events were mainly caused by El Niño, but La Niña was also involved in 2020.
大多数珊瑚白化预警研究都使用常见的度日加热周（DHW）阈值；然而，这些阈值可能低估了珊瑚礁生态系统历史上的热应激模式。本文采用珊瑚礁观察（CRW）和珊瑚礁温度异常数据库（CoRTAD）产品的优化 DHW 阈值，分析了 2010 年至 2021 年南海（SCS）和北部湾（BG）中国珊瑚礁热应激的精确时空模式。本文比较了使用常见和优化阈值的急性热应激。结果表明，2010-2021 年海洋变暖率约为 0.43±0.22°C/10a，SCS 北部和 BG 呈显著增加趋势。优化阈值预测到更严重的白化事件，高频区主要在 SCS 北部。严重热应力异常年份的数量和强度顺序为 2020>2014>2010>2015。西沙群岛等外岛的热应激持续时间最长，BG 内的涠洲岛在相对高纬度近岸礁中最长，为 2020-2021 年。这些异常事件主要由厄尔尼诺引起，但 2020 年也有拉尼娜现象参与。
