Burnett Sarah M, Davis Kelly M, Assefa Gudissa, Gogue Christelle, Hinneh Levi D, Littrell Megan, Mwesigwa Julia, Okoko Okefu O, Rabeherisoa Saraha, Sillah-Kanu Musa, Sheahan William, Slater Hannah C, Uhomoibhi Perpetua, Yamba Frederick, Ambrose Kelley, Stillman Kathryn
U.S. President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) VectorLink Project, PATH, Washington, District of Columbia.
National Malaria Elimination Programme, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023 Aug 21;112(1_Suppl):17-34. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0757. Print 2025 Jan 7.
Progress in malaria control has stalled in recent years. With growing resistance to existing malaria vector control insecticides and the introduction of new vector control products, national malaria control programs (NMCPs) increasingly need to make data-driven, subnational decisions to inform vector control deployment. As NMCPs are increasingly conducting subnational stratification of malaria control interventions, including malaria vector control, country-specific frameworks and platforms are increasingly needed to guide data use for vector control deployment. Integration of routine health systems data, entomological data, and vector control program data in observational longitudinal analyses offers an opportunity for NMCPs and research institutions to conduct evaluations of existing and novel vector control interventions. Drawing on the experience of implementing 22 vector control evaluations across 14 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as published and gray literature on vector control impact evaluations using routine health information system data, this article provides practical guidance on the design of these evaluations, makes recommendations for key variables and data sources, and proposes methods to address challenges in data quality. Key recommendations include appropriate parameterization of impact and coverage indicators, incorporating explanatory covariates and contextual factors from multiple sources (including rapid diagnostic testing stockouts; insecticide susceptibility; vector density measures; vector control coverage, use, and durability; climate and other malaria and non-malaria health programs), and assessing data quality before the evaluation through either on-the-ground or remote data quality assessments. These recommendations may increase the frequency, rigor, and utilization of routine data sources to inform national program decision-making for vector control.
近年来，疟疾控制工作进展停滞。随着对现有疟疾媒介控制杀虫剂的耐药性不断增强以及新的媒介控制产品的引入，国家疟疾控制项目（NMCPs）越来越需要做出基于数据的、国家以下层面的决策，以为媒介控制措施的部署提供依据。由于NMCPs越来越多地在国家以下层面进行包括疟疾媒介控制在内的疟疾控制干预分层，因此越来越需要特定国家的框架和平台来指导用于媒介控制部署的数据使用。在观察性纵向分析中整合常规卫生系统数据、昆虫学数据和媒介控制项目数据，为NMCPs和研究机构提供了一个机会，可对现有和新型媒介控制干预措施进行评估。借鉴在撒哈拉以南非洲14个国家实施22项媒介控制评估的经验，以及利用常规卫生信息系统数据进行媒介控制影响评估的已发表和灰色文献，本文提供了这些评估设计的实用指南，对关键变量和数据来源提出了建议，并提出了应对数据质量挑战的方法。主要建议包括对影响和覆盖指标进行适当参数化，纳入来自多个来源的解释性协变量和背景因素（包括快速诊断检测缺货情况；杀虫剂敏感性；媒介密度测量；媒介控制覆盖、使用和持久性；气候以及其他疟疾和非疟疾卫生项目），并在评估前通过实地或远程数据质量评估来评估数据质量。这些建议可能会提高常规数据源用于为国家项目媒介控制决策提供信息的频率、严谨性和利用率。
